Within Rapid Diagnostic Testing, what step of the seven steps to preserve the mircale of antibiotics is the most important?
- Promote use of new diagnostics with emphasis on point-of-care molecular methods
What are the 2 important goals of the National Action Plan for Combating Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria [CARB]?
- Goal 1: Slow emergence of resistant bacteria and prevent spread of resistant infections
- Goal 3: Advance development and use of rapid and innovative diagnostic test for identification of resistant bacteria
What are the Diagnostic Techniques that are used in Rapid Diagnostic Testing?
- Polymerase Chain Reactions [PCR]
- Petide Nucleic Acid Fluorescent in situ Hybridization [PNA-FISH]
- Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification [LAMP]
- Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight [MALDI-TOF]
What is important to know about Polymerase Chain Reaction [PCR] in Rapid Diagnostic Testing?
- Detection and quantification of specific sequences of DNA or RNA; results in 1-24h
What is important to know about Peptide Nucleic Acid Fluorescent in situ Hybridization [PNA-FISH] in Rapid Diagnostic Testing?
- Uses fluorescent probes that targetig ribosomal RNA BUT does not provide susceptibility or virulence factors
- Results within hours
What is important to know about Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification [LAMP] in Rapid Diagnostic Testing?
- Single Tube technique for amplifying DNA
- Simple for C. Diff detection
What is important to know about Matrix-assiested laser Desorption Ionization Time of Flight [MALDI-TOF] in Rapid Diagnostic Testing?
- Screens multiple molecules to determine identification; ion particles float up and hit the detecter
What is an important example of molecular assey for detection in clinical samples of Rapid Diagnostic Testing?
- MRSA: Nasal Swab via PCR = 97% accurate
- Greatly helps rule out MRSA infections
What is important to understand about Biofire in Rapid Diagnositc Testing?
- Shortens time to optimal therpay, improves outcomes, decreases hospital costs
What are the 2 common Biofire Flimarray panels used in Rapid Diagnositic testing?
- Repiratory Pathogen: nose swab with result in 1 hour
- Meningitis/Encephalitis: CSF w/ NO + Culure with results in 1 hour
Based on all of the clinical test that were dicussed, what was the common theme behind using Rapid Diagnostic Tests?
- SHORTER or DECREASE time to approiate therapy, LOS & Cost
What are some of the limitations of Rapid Diagnostic Testing?
- Most assays detect pre-specified pathogens
- Still need positive blood culutres
- COST
- Rare organism identifed
