are words or phrases the cue the reader about an organizational pattern in the text, or show a link or transition between ideas
Signal Words
include sequence, comparison, problem/solution, pro/con, chronological, general to specific, cause/effect, and more
Organizational Patterns
provides a visual way to organize information and show the relationships among the ideas
ex timeline, flow chart, or mind map
Graphic organizer
Type of Organizational Patterns
space, distance, location
Spatial Order
collection of maps
Atlas
most to least, least to most “Pyramid’
Flow chart
Order of Importance
Table/ Fishbone diagram (Kaoru Ishikawa)
Cause/Effect
-general to specific
-specific to general
- pyramid, piechart
Generalization
sequence (Time table)
histogram
Time order
Venn Diagram “3 circles”
- showing similarities
- table
Compare/Contrast
group, characteristics, color group, types, color coding
Classification