1
Q
What is CAD?
A
cervical arterial dysfunction
2
Q
How can CAD be identified
A
5Ds, 3NS and 1H
3
Q
What are the 5Ds
A
dizziness drop attacks diplopia- visual disturbances/double vision dysarthria- problems speaking dysphagia- problems swallowing
4
Q
What are the 3NS?
A
nausea
nystagmus- can’t focus on something
numbness
5
Q
What is the 1 H?
A
Headache
6
Q
What else do you need to screen for?
A
Arterioscheloris risk factors age smoking diabetes CVA hypertension oral contraceptives
7
Q
Thoracic outlet syndrome
A
a group of conditions which occur when blood vessels or nerves in the space between your collar bone and first rib are compressed, causing pain in shoulders and neck and numbness in fingers
8
Q
What are red flags?
A
indicators of serious pathology
clear reason for further investigation
9
Q
Cauda equina syndrome
A
Loss of function or 2 or more nerve roots. Stress incontinence Pain Erectile dysfunction Incontinence during intercourse reduced sensation in the saddle area bladder or bowel dysfunction
10
Q
Metastatic spinal cord compression
A
most commonly in breast, prostate and lung. May have lost weight constant pain Night pain may attribute pain to a cause treatment may have helped for a short period Limb weakness Odd sensation or heavy legs
