reflexes

Question 1

describe reflexes

Answer 1

• require a stimulus
• involuntary
• rapid
• stereotyped = same neutral pathway

Question 2

what are the 2 reflexes?

Answer 2

• cranial

- spinal

Question 3

describe cranial reflexes

Answer 3

• involve brain stem > medulla
• reflexes of face and neck
• vomiting, sneezing, swallowing, blinking

Question 4

describe spinal reflexes

Answer 4

• involves spinal cord
• reflexes of the body
• pain reflex, knee jerk

Question 5

how are reflexes developed

Answer 5

innate

• basic neutral reflexes formed before birth
• genetically programmed

acquired

• rapid, automatic learned motor patterns
• repetition enhances them

Question 6

what is the first step of a reflex arc

Answer 6

receptor reacts to a change in environment by initiating a nerve impulse in the sensory neuron

Question 7

what is the second step of a reflex arc

Answer 7

a sensory neuron carries impulses from the receptor to the spinal cord or brain

Question 8

what is the third step of a reflex arc

Answer 8

there is at least one synapse, the nerve impulse may be passed directly to a motor neuron, or there may be one or more interneurons that direct the impulse to the correct motor neuron

Question 9

what is the fourth step of a reflex arc

Answer 9

a motor neuron carries the nerve impulse to an effector

Question 10

what is the fifth step of a reflex arc

Answer 10

an effector receives the nerve impulse and carries out the appropriate response