Refractometry

Question 1

Types of radiations

Answer 1

• Energy transfer: Electromagnetic, Mechanical, Particle
• Interaction with matter: Ionizing, non-ionizing

Question 2

Dependence of irradiance on distance from the source

Answer 2

Irradiance: incident radiation on a target.
(Assuming no attenuation)
- Point like source: irradiance is inversely proportional to square distance from source.
- Cylindrical source: irradiance is inversely proportional to distance from source.
- Planer source: irradiance does not charge with increasing distance. (As long as distance is increased perpendicular to source)

Question 3

Fundamentals of geometric optics

Answer 3

• When light propagates through slits larger than its wavelength, the wavefront is considered a line.
• This simplification allows us to calculate optical imaging with ease.

Question 4

Radiometric quantities

Answer 4

• Radiant Power (W) = E (J) / T (s)
• Radiant emittance/irradiance = Power / Area
• Radiant flux
• Intesity

Question 5

Attenuation law

Answer 5

J = Jo * e^-ux

Question 6

Fermat’s principle

Answer 6

Light chooses the path which takes least amount of time. Basis for phenomenon of refraction and reflection.

Question 7

Law of refraction

Answer 7

• Incident and refracted ray together with a normal line (optical axis) are located on same plane.
• Snell’s law: sinA/sinB = c1/c2 = n2/n1

Question 8

Law of reflection

Answer 8

Angle of incidence = Angle of reflection
Incident beam, reflected beam, and optical axis are on same plane.

Question 9

Total internal reflection and its applications

Answer 9

• When light is propagated from higher refractive index to lower refractive index
• With an angle larger than the critical angle
• Critical angle: when incident angle is 90