CFI-I > Regs > Flashcards

Regs Flashcards

(53 cards)

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1
Q

What do you need to act as a PIC in IMC

A

§61.57(c) 66 Hits
Within 6 cal mos: 6 instrument approaches, Holding procedures & tasks, intercepting & tracking courses through the use of electronic navigation system.

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2
Q

Pre-flight self-assessment

A

IMSAFE
Illness
Medication
Stress
Alcohol
Fatigue
Eating/Emotions

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3
Q

Risk Management & Personal Mins

A

PAVE Checklist
Pilot (IMSAFE)
Aircraft
enVironment
External Pressures

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4
Q

Decision Making (DECIDE)

A

Detect that a change has occurred
Estimate the need to counter the change
Choose a desirable outcome
Identify solutions
Do the necessary actions
Evaluate the effects of the actions

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5
Q

Documents Required for Flight

A

AARROW PDC
Annual
ADs
Registration
Radio Op Cert
Operating Handbook
Weight & Balance
Placards
Data Plate
Compass Deviation Card

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6
Q

Preflight info required §91.103

A

§91.103 - NWKRAFT
NOTAMs
Weather reports and forecasts
Known traffic delays
Runway length of intended use
Alternatives available
Fuel Reqs
Takeoff and landing perf data

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7
Q

Need an alternate

A

1, 2, 3 rule. 1 hr before & 1hr after ETA

Ceiling will be at least 2,000’ above airport elevation

Visibility will be at least 3 statue miles.

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8
Q

FPM Formula

A

FPM = (FPNM x Groundspeed) / (60)

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9
Q

IFR Departure Clearance

A

C - Clearance Limit
R - Route
A - Altitude
F - Frequency
T - Transponder

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10
Q

What is the purpose of a STAR

A

Serves as a transition between enroute structure and a point from which h an approach to landing can be made.

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11
Q

What is the purpose of a STAR

A

Serves as a transition between enroute structure and a point from which h an approach to landing can be made.

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12
Q

What is the purpose of a SID

A

Provide obstruction clearance and helps reduce radio congestion.

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13
Q

Do I need to file an alternate? §91.169

A

§91.169 1-2-3 rule: 1hr before or after ETA, forecasted weather is less than 2000’ ceiling and 3sm visibility.

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14
Q

What are the basic IFR departure clearance items?

A

Clearance limit
Route
Altitude
Frequency
Transponder code

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15
Q

What are mandatory reports under IFR?

A

MARVELOUSVFR C500

Missed Approach
Airspeed +/-10kt / 5% of filed TAS
Reaching a Holding Fix
VFR on top
ETA change +/-3mins
Leaving a holding fix
Outer marker
Unforecasted Weather
Safety of flight
Vacating an altitude
Final approach fix
Radio/Nav failure
Compulsory reporting points?!
500 - unable to climb or descend @ 500FPM

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16
Q

What are standard IFR take off mins?

A

Part 91 - None
Part 121, 125, 129, 135 -
2 engines: 1sm visibility
3+ engines: 1/2sm visibility

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17
Q

What are holding pattern altitudes and speeds?

A

Up to 6,000 msl - 200KIAS
6,001 - 14,000 msl - 235kts
> 14,001- 260kts

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18
Q

What are RVR distances and equivalencies is SM?

A

1600 - 1/4 mile
2400 - 1/2 mile
3200 - 5/8mile
4000 - 3/4mile
4500 - 7/8mile
5000 - 1 mile
6000 - 1 1/4 mile

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19
Q

What are lost comm procedures?

A

Fly the highest among (MEA):
Minimum altitude prescribed by IFR
Expected altitude
ATF clearance limit

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20
Q

Procedure Turns are Not Required When? §91.175

A

SHARPT §91.175
Straight in approach
Holding in lieu of a procedure turn
Arc
Radar vectors
P - NO PT depicted on chart
Timed approaches
Teardrop course reversal

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21
Q

WHEN CAN YOU DESCEND BELOW AN MDA/DA? §91.175

A
  1. Aircraft in a continuous position to land at a normal descent rate using normal maneuvers.
  2. Flight visibility not less than the prescribed for the approach.
  3. May descend to 100’ above TDZE if approach lights and red terminating bars in sight.
  4. At least on of the following in sight (Runway environment is not acceptable answer):
    - Threshold, Threshold markings, Threshold lights
    - Runway End Indicator Lights (REILs)
    - Visual Glideslope Indicator
    - Touchdown Zone, Touchdown Markings, Touchdown Lights
    - Runway, Runway Markings, Runway Lights
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22
Q

Aircraft Approach Categories - speeds and circling distances

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A

CAT A - 1.3VSO < 90 - 1.3NM circling

CAT B - 1.3VSO 91-120 - 1.5NM circling

CAT C - 1.3VSO 121-140 - 1.7NM circling

CAT D - 1.3VSO 141-165 - 2.3NM

CAT E - 1.3VSO > 165 - 4.5NM

23
Q

What is a Visual Descent Point (VDP)? (AIM 5-4-5)

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A

A defined point from which a descent using a normal descent rate and normal maneuvers can be made from the MDA to touchdown point provided visual reference is established

24
Q

What equipment is needed for IFR Flight? GRABCARD

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A

ATOMATO FLAMES + FLAPS (91.205) + GRABCARD

Generator/Alternator
Radios
Altimeter (sensitive)
Ball (turn/slip indicator)
Clock
Attitude Indicator
Rate of Turn Indicator
Directional Gyro (heading indicator)

25
What are the standard VOR service volumes?
Terminal - 1,000’ 12,000’ - 25NM Low - 5,000’ - 18,000’ - 70NM High - 5,000’ - 14,500’ - 70NM 14,500 - 18,000 - 100NM 180 - 450 - 130NM 450 - 600 - 100NM
26
What are the types of procedure turns?
1. Course Reversal 2. Descent from IAF 3. Inbound Course Interception
27
What is a Minimum Safe Altitudes (MSA)?
- Emergency altitude used in case of lost situational awareness - Provides obstacle/terrain avoidance
28
What is a Terminal Arrival Area (TAA) altitude?
- Provides altitude and distance information for a given area - For RNAV approaches only
29
Identify marker beacons
Marker Beacon - Avionics signal different colors/audible morse codes when passing over - Outer - Flashing Blue - Dashes - - - - - Usually 4-7nm from runway threshold o Middle - Flashing Amber - Dash Dot Dash Dot -.-. - 3500 feet from runway threshold o Inner - Flashing White - Dots …. - Short and high-pitched
30
What is a false glide slope?
Glide slope above the normal glide slope.
31
Rate of descent for 3° glide slope formula
Groundspeed x 5
32
When do you go “missed”
• When to go Missed -Precision • The DA/DH - Non-Precision • Runway Threshold or other specified point, usually labeled as a point with DME • If a plate has both precision/non-precision approaches, then the profile view will ALWAYS default to showing the precision approach profile • All the information is still there for the non-precision approach, but it is up to YOU to interpret/visualize how it’s different
33
Magnetic Compass Errors
VDMONA Variation Deviation Magnetic Dip Oscillation North turning errors (UNOS) Acceleration Errors (ANDS)
34
Min IFR Altitudes
Except for Takeoff and Landing, no person may operate an aircraft under IFR below - Min altitudes prescribed for the flown segment, or if none -Mountainous areas: 2,000’ above the highest obstacle within a horizontal distance of 4NM from the course - Non-mountainous areas: 1,000’ above the highest obstacle within a horizontal distance of 4NM from the course
35
Min IFR Altitudes
Except for Takeoff and Landing, no person may operate an aircraft under IFR below - Min altitudes prescribed for the flown segment, or if none -Mountainous areas: 2,000’ above the highest obstacle within a horizontal distance of 4NM from the course - Non-mountainous areas: 1,000’ above the highest obstacle within a horizontal distance of 4NM from the course
36
VOR Check Reqs §91.171
DEPS Date Error (bearing error) Place Signature
37
GPS Satellites
GPS is a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) operated by the United States. ■ The constellation consists of a minimum of 24 satellites (with some spares) orbiting above the earth at 10,900 NM. The system is designed so that at least 5 satellites are in view at any given location on earth.
38
What is RAIM
Recover Autonomous Integrity Monitoring. RAIM (fault detection) requires a minimum of 5 satellites, or, 4 satellites + an altimeter input (baro-aided RAIM) To eliminate a corrupt satellite (fault exclusion), RAIM needs an additional satellite (total of 6 or 5 + baro-aid) ■ A database loaded into the receiver unit contains navigational data such as: airports, navaids, routes, waypoints and instrument procedures.
39
What are the basic instrument flying skills?
Cross check Instrument interpretation Aircraft control
40
What are the types of weather briefings
Standard - a full briefing Abbreviated - update a previous standard briefing Outlook - for departures 6+ hours. Includes forecast Inflight - FSS inflight briefing
41
What are the types of weather briefings
Standard - a full briefing Abbreviated - update a previous standard briefing Outlook - for departures 6+ hours. Includes forecast Inflight - FSS inflight briefing
42
AIRMETS
Sierra - Widespread IFR/Mountain Obscuration Tango - moderate turbulence. Winds > 30kts Zulu - Moderate Icing and freezing levels
43
SIGMETS
Forecast up to 4hrs Severe icing not associated with with t-storms Turbulance - severe or CAT Dust storms/ sandstorms - lowering surface via to < 3NM
44
Convective SIGNETS
Issued hourly @ 55mins past the hour Valid for 2hrs - Severe t-storms - Surface winds >50kts - Hail > 3/4” - Tornados - Embedded t-storms - A line of t-storms at least 60 miles long affecting 40% of its length - T-storms producing heavy rain - Tropical cyclones - Volcanic ash
45
Icing types
Clear Time Mixed
46
Structural Icing
Instrument Induction Intake Carb Frost
47
LIFR, IFR, MVFR, VFR
LIFR - < 500’ ceiling; <1SM vis IFR - 500’ - 1,000 ceil; 1-3SM vis MVFR - 1,000’ - 3,000’ ceil; 3-5 SM VFR - > 3,000’ ceil, > 5SM
48
List V-Speeds
Vs1 - 57 Vs0 - 64 Vr - 65 Vx - 70 Vy - 89 Va - 126 Vfe - 110 Vno - 160 Vne - 198 Max Dem x-wind - 17
49
182 engine
Continental O-470-R Carbureted Horizontally Opposed 470 cu in displacement Direct Drive Air Cooled Normally Aspiraterd Wet Sump Lubricated 230BHP @ 2700RPM Dual Magneto Mixture - fuel/air ratio
50
182 prop
Constant speed 82” diameter 2-blade Aluminum
51
182 electrical
Alternator Battery Standby battery
52
182 electrical
Alternator Battery Standby battery
53
Instrument & Equipment Check
Comms - antennas, radio, transponder Nav equipment - VOR, GPS Compass - fluid, indicates correctly, swings freely Heading Indicator - compass cross check Attitude Indicator - +/-5° of known pitch/bank Turn & Slip indicator - ball moves to outside of turn VSI - reads zero DME - Above FL180 ASI - check during takeoff roll OAT - Check Clock - Check
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