Character that denotes matching the start of a line
For example: grep -E “^[A-N]” filename.txt
Will match lines that start with any uppercase letter in the range A-N in the filename.txt file
Character that denotes matching the end of a line
$
For example: grep -E “[A-N]$” filename.txt
Will match lines that end with any uppercase letter in the range A-N in the filename.txt file
Match a range of characters
[A-Z]
Match a specific set of characters
[ABCDE]
Match excluding characters
[^A-M]
The ^ within the brackets is used as a NOT operator instead of the start of line operator