Most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in kids?
Minimal change disease (85%) and 10-15% caused by FSGS
What are the levels of Mild, moderate, severe oedema?
♣ MILD: subtle periorbital region, scrotum or labia
♣ MODERATE with peripheral pitting oedema of the limbs and sacrum
♣ SEVERE with gross limb oedema, ascites and pleural effusions
What are the 3 key complications of Nephrotic syndrome?
Hypovolaemia, infection and thrombosis
Most common nephritic syndrome?
Post-streptococcal GN or IgA nephropathy
Features suggesting not idiopathic Nephrotic syndorme?
- Age less than 1 year old or more than 12 year old
- Systemic symptoms of fever, rash, joint pains (SLE)
- Persistent hypertension (can have mild hypertension first 1-2 days)
Features of HSP?
Rash, Joint pain and Nephrotic syndrome
Key features of nephrotic syndrome? (4)
- Oedema
- Proteinuria
- Hypoalbuminaemia
- Hyperlipidaemia
What Abx do you use for UTI in child <1yr
IV Ben Pen and Gent
_______ sign – elongated and dilated posterior urethra proximal to valve and thick walled bladder
Keyhole sign - related to Posterior urethra valve
Ddx of Proteinuria/Hypoalbuminaemia?
Liver failure, Renal failure, protein losing enteropathy, Serious illness causing catabolic effect
ASOT/antiDNAase B titres looking for _____
Post Strep GN?
Nephritic syndrome + deafness =
Alport syndrome
