Renal Path

Question 1

What type of collagen forms the backbone of the glomerular basement membrane?

Answer 1

Type IV

Question 2

What does the macula densa detect?

Answer 2

Cl- delivery

Question 3

Nephrotic Syndrome features [5]?

Answer 3

> 3.5gm/day proteinuria

• Hypoalbuminemia (because lost in urine) (leads to loss of oncotic pressure which leads to edema)
• Edema
• Hyperlipidemia
• Lipiduria (specific for nephrotic disease)

Question 4

Nephritic Syndrome Features [3]?

Answer 4

• Hematuria
• Mild to moderate proteinuria
• Hypertension

Question 5

Nephrolithiasis clinical presentation [2]?

Answer 5

Renal colic (sudden, severe, sharp pain)
Hematuria

Question 6

How do you calculate GFR?

Answer 6

Clearance = UV/P
U = urine concentration (mg/dl)
V = urine flow (ml/min)
P = plasma concentration (mg/dl)

Question 7

What creates the size barrier in the glomerular basement membrane?

Answer 7

the slit diaphragm.