Respiration

Question 1

What is cellular respiration?

Answer 1

An exothermic reaction which transfers energy from glucose and is continuously occurring within all living cells

Question 2

Where does cellular respiration occur?

Answer 2

In mitochondria and cytoplasm

Question 3

What is metabolism?

Answer 3

All the chemical processes that occur within a living organism in order to maintain life

Question 4

How is energy transferred within the cell

Answer 4

ATP

Question 5

What processes require energy from ATP

Answer 5

Maintaining body temp
Active transport
Passage of nerve cell impulses
Muscle contraction
Protein synthesis

Question 6

What is aerobic respiration?

Answer 6

The chemical reaction within cells that uses oxygen to break down glucose to release energy for use in cell processes and reactions

Question 7

In which organisms does aerobic respiration occur?

Answer 7

Animals
Plants
Fungi

Question 8

What is the symbol equation for aerobic respiration

Answer 8

C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + energy (ATP)

Question 9

What is the word equation for aerobic respiration

Answer 9

Glucose + Oxygen → Carbon dioxide + Water + Energy (ATP)

Question 10

Why is anaerobic respiration worse than aerobic?

Answer 10

1. Incomplete breakdown of glucose (releases less ATP)
2. Toxic byproducts

Question 11

What is anaerobic respiration?

Answer 11

The chemical reaction within cells that breaks down glucose molecules to release energy without using oxygen

Question 12

Where does anaerobic respiration take place in animals

Answer 12

Mainly muscle cells during exercise (where not enough oxygen is delivered for aerobic)

Question 13

What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in animals?

Answer 13

Glucose → Lactic Acid

Question 14

What is oxygen debt

Answer 14

Lactic acid + Oxygen → Carbon dioxide + Water

Question 15

What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration used in plants and fungi?

Answer 15

Glucose → Ethanol + Carbon dioxide

Question 16

How is anaerobic respiration in yeast (fermentation) useful?

Answer 16

Bread: CO₂ helps dough rise
Brewing: Ethanol is alcohol

Question 17

Describe the differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration

Answer 17

Aerobic: uses oxygen, complete glucose breakdown, produces carbon dioxide and water, produces lots of ATP

Anaerobic: doesn’t use oxygen, incomplete glucose breakdown, produces lactic acid (animals) or carbon dioxide and ethanol (yeast/plant), produces less ATP

Question 18

Describe the method for the practical for investigating he evolution of carbon dioxide from respiring seeds

Answer 18

Prepare seed tubes by adding damp cotton wool to bottom of 3 boiling tubes.
A: germinating seeds
B: boiled seeds
C: glass beads
Seal tubes with rubber bung + delivery tube and connect each to tube of limewater.

Only germinating seeds turns limewater cloudy

Question 19

Describe the method for the practical for investigating he evolution of heat from respiring seeds

Answer 19

Put dead seeds in vacuum flask A and germinating ones in B
Put in thermometer + cotton wool to plug entrance
Only germinating seeds are warmer than room temp