Respiration

Question 1

What is respriration

Answer 1

The process that releases energy into every living cell of every organism

Question 2

Why is respiration important

Answer 2

is essential for keeping the cell alive as it powers processes like protein synthesis, growth, repair, cell division etc

Question 3

How is the energy stored when the glucose is broken down.

Answer 3

the energy stored in the bonds is released and is then ‘locked up’ in the bonds of a molecule called ATP(adenosine triphosphate )

Question 4

Function of ATP

Answer 4

1. Releases energy from its bonds very quickly which is why it is used as the energy carrying molecule in cells
2. It does it by breaking the final phosphate off the molecule.

Question 5

Two types of respiration

Answer 5

Aerobic, Anaerobic

Question 6

What is aerobic respiration

Answer 6

uses oxygen and there is a complete breakdown of glucoes waste products are CO2 and water. A lot of energy is released

Question 7

What is Anaerobic respiration and waste products in animal and plants

Answer 7

No oxygen, glucose break down is incomplete, waste products is lactic acid in animals cells, and carbon dioxide and ethanol in plant and yeast cells.

Question 8

Word and balanced chemical equation of Aerobic

Answer 8

oxygen + glucose = carbon dioxide + water

6O2 + C6H12O6 = 6CO2 + 6H2O

Question 9

Word equation of Anaerobic

Answer 9

Glucose = Lactic acid

Question 10

What does lactic acid do

Answer 10

lactic acid builds up in muscle cells and lowers the pH of the cells which could denature the enzymes in cells.

Question 11

How is lactic acid removed and what happens to it. What do we do after exercise to get rid of lactic acid and what is it called.

Answer 11

It is removed by oxidising the lactic acid and it can be broken down to carbon dioxide and water. Therefore we breath heavily after exercise to get larger amounts of oxygen to combine with the lactic acid produced. This is called ‘repaying the oxygen debt’

Question 12

Anaerobic Respiration in Yeast, how is it useful.

Answer 12

We take advantage of the products of anaerobic respiration in yeast by using it in bread making (where the carbon dioxide produced helps dough to rise) and in brewing (where the ethanol produced makes beer)

Question 13

Investigating production of carbon dioxide in respiring organisms

Answer 13

1. Take four flasks A, B, C and D connected by a tube.
2. A tube is connected from the air into flask A which you fill with Sodium Hydroxide. ( carbon dioxide in the air will be absorbed by the sodium hydroxide)
3. flask A is connected by a tube to a flask B which contains hydrogen carbonate the first indicator. ( this will turn red as the Sodium Hydroxide absorbed most CO2)
4. Flask B is connected to flask C which would contain respiring organisms will respire aerobically, producing carbon dioxide.
5. The carbon dioxide made in flask C will move on to flask D which contains the second indicator via a tube. ( will turn yellow due to the presence of CO2).
6. Finally, this flask is connected by a tube to the air as an exit pipe to the pump.
   * This shows that living organisms produce carbon dioxide in respiration

Question 14

Investigating production of heat in respiring seeds

Answer 14

1. Take two thermal flasks, one with germinating seeds. (germinating seeds are alive, they will be respiring aerobically, producing energy in the form of heat, causing the temperature of thermo flask to rise)
2. another with boiled seeds as a control. ( as the boiled seeds have died they won’t respire therefore no energy is made as a result no temp. stays the same. )
3. Put thermometers in them wrapped in cotton wool to prevent heat from escaping.
4. Record the initial and final temperature.