Respiratory

Question 1

what is the difference between asthma and COPD

Answer 1

Asthma is typically reversible and introduced in childhood, often caused by allergies, whereas COPD is progressive, irreversible condition caused by smoking

Question 2

What are the risk factors for COPD

Answer 2

Smoking is the major cause of COPD
Exposure to occupational respiratory irritants and air pollutants both inside and outside (i.e.. dust from coal or grains)
Repeated childhood respiratory tract infections
Genetics -alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency

Question 3

what is a cough for

Answer 3

A protective reflex. is effective in removing secretions only above the sub-segmental level

Question 4

how to asses a cough

Answer 4

new or worsening
SOB
Chest pain with breathing
Fever
HIstory
Self-care history
Exacerbating factors

Question 5

How is asthma described

Answer 5

chronic inflammatory disease of the airway

Question 6

what is the cause of asthma

Answer 6

unknown with no cure

Question 7

what is the cause of a cough

Answer 7

vasoconstriction or obstruction

Question 8

treatments for a cough

Answer 8

Bronchodilators
Anti-inflammatory drugs – inhaled corticosteroids
Leukotriene modifiers
Expectorants ex. Guaifenesin
Cough suppressants

Question 9

Nursing interventions for a cough

Answer 9

Increase fluid intake
Humidification of air
huff coughing (makes it more forceful)
controlled coughing

Question 10

Patho of asthma

Answer 10

Trigger
Immune activation - mast cell degranulation
Inflammatory mediators
Vasodilation (increased cap perm) and cellular infiltration

Question 11

Signs and symptoms of asthma

Answer 11

1. wheezing
2. SOB
3. Cough
4. Dyspnea
5. Trouble sleeping
6. Unable to take part in physical activities without breathing difficulty

Question 12

asthma assesment

Answer 12

1. Posturing
2. When do the symptoms occur
3. Do they have increased anxiety, restlessness, inappropriate behaviour
4. How long has this been going on
5. How are they breathing
6. Increased BP and Pulse
7. Lung sounds

Question 13

Asthma nursing interventions

Answer 13

1. How to identify and avoid triggers
2. Nutrition counselling to support immune health and resist infection
3. Use of a peak flow meter to monitor asthma control
4. Education on the proper use of an inhaler
5. Encourage ambulation and activity as tolerated
6. Encourage fluid intake in the absence of a cardiac history
7. keep the pt calm

Question 14

What are priority problems in asthma

Answer 14

1. Activity intolerance
2. Anxiety
3. Deficient knowledge
4. Disturbed body image
5. Ineffective coping
6. Ineffective home maintenance
7. risk for respiratory failure