Respiratory

Question 1

cor pulmonale

Answer 1

hypertrophy of the right side of the heart, with or without HF
results from pulmonary HTN

Question 2

atelectasis

Answer 2

collapse of the alveoli that prevents normal exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide

Question 3

diffusion

Answer 3

exchange of respiratory gases

Question 4

clubbing

Answer 4

caused by chronic lack of oxygen

Question 5

causes of barrel chest

Answer 5

overuse of accessory muscles to breathe and air trapping in emphysema

Question 6

hypoxia

Answer 6

inadequate tissue oxygenation at the cellular level

Question 7

S/Sx of hypoxia

Answer 7

decreased LOC
restless
confusion
dizzy
behavioral changes
central cyanosis
increased pulse and RR

Question 8

Interventions to reduce atelectasis or pneumonia post-op/immobile

Answer 8

incentive spirometer
deep breathing/coughing exercises
postural drainage
chest percussion
noninvasive positive pressure ventilation NPPV
early ambulation
sitting upright

Question 9

recommended INR level

Answer 9

2.0-3.0

Question 10

S/SX of right sided heart failure

Answer 10

"AW HEAD"
A- Anorexia and nausea
W- Weight gain
H- Hepatomegaly
E- Edema (bipedal)
A- Ascites
D- Distended neck vein (JVD)

Question 11

S/SX of left sided heart failure

Answer 11

"DO CHAP"
D- Dyspnea
O- Orthopnea
C- Cough, Crackles
H- Hemoptysis
A- Adventitious breath sounds
P- Pulmonary congestion