PE - Physiology Paper > Respiratory System > Flashcards

Respiratory System Flashcards

(24 cards)

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1
Q

Resting TV

A

0.5l

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2
Q

Resting f

A

12

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3
Q

Resting MV

A

6l

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4
Q

Exercise TV

A

5l

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5
Q

Exercise f

A

40

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6
Q

Exercise MV

A

200l

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7
Q

Mechanics of breathing: inhalation at rest

A

External intercostals and diaphragm

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8
Q

Mechanics of breathing: inhalation during exercise

A

External intercostals
Diaphragm
Sternocleidomastoid
Pectoralis minor

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9
Q

Mechanics of breathing: exhalation at rest

A

Passive process

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10
Q

Mechanics of breathing: exhalation during exercise

A

Internal intercostals and rectus abdominis

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11
Q

RCC

A

Respiratory Control Centre, located in medulla oblongata

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12
Q

Four receptors for RCC

A

Chemoreceptors
Thermoreceptors
Proprioreceptors
Thermoreceptors

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13
Q

Inspiratory centre

A

Controls inspiration by sending signals along phrenic and intercostal nerves and recruits other muscles during exercise
Increases TV

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14
Q

Expiratory centre

A

Inactive at rest, during exercise detects increase in pressure and recruits muscles to increase f

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15
Q

External respiration

A

Takes place at alveoli

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16
Q

Internal respiration

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A

Takes place at muscles

17
Q

Haemoglobin

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A

Each red blood cell has many haemoglobin molecules
Each haemoglobin has 4 binding sites for oxygen - first hardest, 2&3 easy, 4 difficult

18
Q

High affinity meaning (relative)

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A

Oxygen binds easily but can’t be released

19
Q

Low affinity meaning (relative)

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A

Oxygen is released easily but can’t be picked up - at muscles haemoglobin has lower affinity than myoglobin

20
Q

Oxyhaemoglobin dissociation curve

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A

Oxyhaemoglobin saturation against ppO2 (sigmoid curve)

21
Q

Diffusion definition

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A

Movement of a substance from an area of high pp to an area of low pp

22
Q

Left shift

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A

Curve shifts left for higher affinity (external at altitude)

23
Q

Right shift (Bohr shift)

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A

During exercise curve shifts right at muscles to release more oxygen

24
Q

Factors causing Bohr shift

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A

Decrease in ppO2
Increase in ppCO2
Decrease in pH
Increase in temperature

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