1
Q
Term :: Definition
A
2
Q
Bronch/o
A
bronchi/o :: Bronchus
3
Q
Laryng/o :: Larynx
A
4
Q
Nas/o
A
rhin/o :: Nose
5
Q
-oxia :: Oxygen
A
6
Q
Or/o :: Mouth
A
7
Q
Pharyng/o :: Pharynx
A
8
Q
-pnea :: Breathing
A
9
Q
Pneum/o
A
pneumon/o :: Air
10
Q
Pulmon/o :: Lung
A
11
Q
Sinus/o :: Sinus cavity
A
12
Q
Thorac/o
A
thorac/i
13
Q
Trache/o :: Trachea
A
14
Q
Function of the respiratory system :: Allows inhalation of oxygen (O2) and exhalation of carbon dioxide (CO2)
A
performs gas exchange
15
Q
Upper respiratory tract structures :: Paranasal sinuses
A
nasal cavity
16
Q
Lower respiratory tract structures :: Trachea
A
lungs
17
Q
Septum :: Divides the nose into two nostrils
A
18
Q
Mucus :: Clear, sticky secretion that coats nasal cavity lining and filters particles
A
19
Q
Ciliated cells :: Move mucus and trapped particles out of nasal cavity
A
20
Q
Conchae :: Increase surface area to warm and filter air
A
21
Q
Paranasal sinuses :: Air-filled cavities connected to nasal cavity (frontal, ethmoidal, maxillary, sphenoidal)
A
22
Q
Uvula :: Small soft tissue hanging from the soft palate
A
23
Q
Pharynx sections :: Nasopharynx
A
oropharynx
24
Q
Structure shared with digestive system :: Pharynx
A
25
Tonsils function :: Aid in filtering bacteria
26
Pharyngeal tonsils (adenoids) :: Located in nasopharynx
27
Tubal tonsils :: Located near opening of Eustachian tube
28
Palatine tonsils :: Located in oropharynx
29
Lingual tonsils :: Located at base of posterior tongue
30
Larynx :: Voice box
produces sound
31
Glottis :: Slit-like opening that allows air into larynx
32
Epiglottis :: Flap of cartilage that protects glottis during swallowing
33
Vocal cords :: Vibrate to produce sound
34
Trachea :: Windpipe
cartilaginous tube that conducts air from larynx to bronchial tree
35
Bronchi :: Left and right airways that branch from trachea
36
Bronchioles :: Smaller branches of bronchi
37
Alveoli :: Small grape-like clusters where gas exchange occurs
38
Oxygen movement in alveoli :: Diffuses from alveoli into capillaries and blood
39
Carbon dioxide movement in alveoli :: Diffuses from blood into alveoli and exits body
40
Lungs :: Paired spongy organs located in thoracic cavity
41
Pleura :: Membrane covering lungs (parietal and visceral layers)
42
Right lung lobes :: 3 lobes (superior, middle, inferior)
43
Left lung lobes :: 2 lobes (superior, inferior)
44
Diaphragm :: Major breathing muscle
contraction causes inhalation
45
External respiration :: Gas exchange between alveoli and blood in capillaries
46
Internal respiration :: Gas exchange between bloodstream and body cells
47
Inspiration :: Inhalation
diaphragm contracts and air enters lungs
48
Expiration :: Exhalation
diaphragm relaxes and air leaves lungs
49
Tidal volume :: Amount of air inhaled or exhaled during normal breath
50
Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV) :: Extra air forcefully inhaled after normal breath
51
Expiratory reserve volume (ERV) :: Extra air forcefully exhaled after normal breath
52
Vital capacity :: Maximum air exhaled after maximal inhalation
53
Residual volume :: Air remaining in lungs after maximum exhalation
54
Total lung capacity :: Total amount of air lungs can hold after maximum inhalation
55
Respiratory control centers :: Medulla and pons
56
Rales :: High-pitched crackling sounds from small airways
57
Rhonchi :: Low-pitched sounds from larger airways
58
Wheezing :: Whistling sound from partially obstructed airways
59
Stridor :: High-pitched sound during inhalation
indicates obstruction
60
Eupnea :: Normal, regular, effortless breathing
61
Tachypnea :: Rapid breathing
62
Bradypnea :: Abnormally slow breathing
63
Apnea :: Cessation of breathing
64
Dyspnea :: Difficult or labored breathing
65
Orthopnea :: Difficulty breathing while lying flat
66
Cheyne-Stokes breathing :: Cyclic pattern where breathing decreases, stops, then returns
67
Kussmaul breathing :: Rapid, deep breathing associated with acidosis
68
Bronchitis :: Inflammation of mucous membrane of bronchi
69
Asthma :: Reversible airway inflammation and constriction
70
Cystic fibrosis :: Genetic disorder causing thick mucus buildup in lungs
71
COPD :: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
includes emphysema and chronic bronchitis
72
Emphysema :: Enlarged and inefficient alveoli causing shortness of breath
73
Chronic bronchitis :: Inflammation of bronchi mucous membrane
74
Sinusitis :: Inflammation of sinus mucous membrane
75
Pertussis :: Acute inflammation of larynx, trachea, and bronchi caused by Bordetella pertussis
76
Tuberculosis (TB) :: Infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis
77
Pneumonia :: Inflammation of lung parenchyma
78
Atelectasis :: Collapsed lung
79
Pneumothorax :: Air in pleural cavity causing lung collapse
treated by removing air with needle or chest tube
80
Surfactant :: Substance that decreases surface tension in alveoli to prevent collapse
81
Bronchoscopy :: Examination of trachea and bronchial tree using bronchoscope
82
Pulse oximetry :: Test that measures oxygen level in blood
83
Arterial blood gas (ABG) :: Blood test measuring oxygen and carbon dioxide levels
84
Polysomnography :: Sleep study used to diagnose sleep apnea
85
Thoracentesis :: Needle inserted into pleural cavity to remove fluid
86
Tracheostomy :: Procedure performed to open airway for emergency breathing
87
Incentive spirometer :: Device used post-surgery to help inflate lungs and prevent pneumonia
88
Nebulizer :: Device that turns liquid medication into vapor for inhalation
89
Antitussive :: Medication that suppresses cough
90
Bronchodilator :: Medication that relaxes and opens airways
DE Health Informatics
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