Rest & Sleep

Question 1

What are the factors that affect sleep?

Answer 1

• Developmental
• Motivation (desire to be awake)
• Culture
• Lifestyle & Habits
• A persons usual home sleep environment (familiar sleep environment)
• Psychological stress
• Illness
• Medications
• Dietary activities
• Activity

Question 2

What is Chronotherapy?

Answer 2

Strategic use of time and medicine, where you will utilize medication depending on the individuals circadian rhythm.

Question 3

What are some illnesses that affect sleep?

Answer 3

• Gastroesophageal reflux
• Coronary artery diseases
• Epilepsy
• Liver failure and encephalitis
• Hypothyroidism
• End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD)

Question 4

What are the four stages of sleep?

Answer 4

NREM:
- Stage 1 and 2 (5-50% of sleep): light sleep
- Stage 3 and 4 (10% of sleep): deep-sleep states/delta sleep
REM:
- 20-25% of sleep
- Bodily functions accelerate

Question 5

What is a typical sleep cycle?

Answer 5

• Pass through 4 stages
• Work in reverse back down to 2
• Instead of 1, enter REM
• When going back up to 2, enter NREM again

Question 6

What is night shift chronodisruption?

Answer 6

Exposure to light at night during normal sleeping hours.

Question 7

Which two systems are believed to work together to control the cyclic nature of sleep?

Answer 7

• Reticular activating system (RAS)

- Bulbar synchronizing region

Question 8

What is a common sleep-breathing disorder?

Answer 8

Obstructive sleep apnea.

Question 9

What are common central disorders of hypersomnolence?

Answer 9

• Idiopathic Hypersomnolence

- Narcolepsy

Question 10

What is a central disorder of hypersomnolence?

Answer 10

Excessive daytime sleepiness not attributable to another sleep disorder.

Question 11

What are common circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders?

Answer 11

• Shift Work Disorder

- Jet Lag Disorder

Question 12

What are Parasomnias?

Answer 12

Patterns of waking behaviors that appear during REM or NREM stages of sleep.

Question 13

What are common types of Parasomnias?

Answer 13

• Somnambulism
• Slepp enuresis
• Sleep related eating disorder
• Sleep terrors
• REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD)
• Nightmare disorder

Question 14

What is a common sleep-related movement disorder?

Answer 14

Restless Leg Syndrome or Willis-Ekbom Disease.

Question 15

What are some nursing interventions to promote sleep?

Answer 15

• Prepare a restful environment
• Promote bedtime rituals
• Offer appropriate bedtime snacks and beverages
• Promote relaxation and comfort
• Respect normal sleep-wake patterns
• Schedule nursing care to avoid disturbances
• Use medications to produce sleep
• Teach about rest & sleep

Question 16

What will happen to a patient’s vitals when they enter REM sleep?

Answer 16

• Increased temperature
• Increased pulse
• Increased BP
• Increased RR