What are the three components of the story model?
- Visual component
- Emotional content
- Narrative format
What are the three Aristotelian modes of persuasion?
- Pathos
- Ethos
- Logos
What is pathos?
An appeal to emotion.
What is ethos?
An appeal to credibility.
What is logos?
An appeal to logic.
Why are logical arguments persuasive?
Because reason is used in service of the truth; not because of something inherently true about logic.
Which is more important:
Arguing through values?
-or-
Arguing through laws and facts?
Arguing through values.
What are the values in Haidt’s moral matrix?
Care-harm
Authority-subversion
Loyalty-betrayal
Liberty-oppression
Fairness-cheating
Sanctity-degradation
Describe the liberal value matrix.
Care-harm ^
Authority-subversion v
Loyalty-betrayal v
Liberty-oppression ^
Fairness-cheating ^
Sanctity-degradation v
Describe the libertarian value matrix.
Liberty-oppression ^^^^^^^^^^
Describe the conservative value matrix.
All of ‘em even
According to Haidt, what brings about a just society?
Everyone’s reputation being on the line.
According to Haidt, what are the two prongs of accountability?
- An explicit expectation that one will be called upon to justify one’s beliefs, actions, or feelings to others
- A belief that people will reward or punish us based on how well we justify ourselves
Explain what Haidt means when he says we live like intuitive politicians.
We strive to maintain appealing moral identities in front of our multiple constituencies.
Is closing really even that useful?
Yes, but more so in shorter trials. An advocate has “diminishing marginal utility” - the longer a trial is, the less closing will matter.
What are the four choices you have re: stance (in order)?
- Facts - use them if they’re in your favor
- Definitions - redefine terms to work for you
- Quality - make the opponent’s argument seem less important
- Relevance - claim the whole discussion is irrelevant
What are three things to consider in building your rhetorical structure?
- Set your goals and argument tense: past, present, or future
- Choose to emphasize: character, logic, or emotion
- Make sure the time and medium are ripe for persuasion
