rhinitis

Question 1

another name for common cold

Answer 1

coryza

Question 2

what can cause coryza

Answer 2

• adenovirus
• coronavirus
• adenovirus

Question 3

how is coryza spread

Answer 3

close person contact or droplets

Question 4

how is spread of infection increased

Answer 4

overcrowding and poor ventilation

Question 5

what are symptoms of coryza

Answer 5

• tiredness
• pyrexia
• malaise
• sore nose and pharynx
• sneezing
• watery nasal discharge

Question 6

what is rhinitis

Answer 6

sneezing attacks

Question 7

what is another name for seasonal rhinitis

Answer 7

hay fever

Question 8

what are symptoms of season rhinitis

Answer 8

• sneezing
• itchy eyes
• water rhinorrhoea

Question 9

what is a common allergen

Answer 9

pets

Question 10

what do nasal polyps contain

Answer 10

• mast cells
• eosinophils
• mononuclear cells

Question 11

what can nasal polyps cause (symptoms)

Answer 11

• loss of smell
• nasal obstruction
• loss of taste
• mouth breathing

Question 12

what autonomic innervation causes mucus production

Answer 12

parasympathetic

Question 13

what autonomic innervation do blood vessels have

Answer 13

both

Question 14

what do sympathetic innervation of blood vessels cause

Answer 14

them to be partially constricted and aiding nasal latency e

Question 15

what does parasympathetic innervation do to blood vessels

Answer 15

dilate them

Question 16

what do B cells produce against allergens

Answer 16

IgE antibodies

Question 17

what does IgE do

Answer 17

bind to mast cells, that release histamine, protease and prostaglandins

these mediators cause sneezing, itch, rhinorrhoea, nasal congestion

Question 18

what 2 interleukins from T cells stimulate B cells

Answer 18

IL-4

IL-13

Question 19

treatment of rhinitis

Answer 19

• allergen avoidance
• H1 antihistamines
• corticosteroids
• leukotriene

Question 20

where do dust mites usually affect

Answer 20

bedroom

Question 21

what is most common therapy for rhinitis

Answer 21

H1 antihistamines

Question 22

examples of H1 antihistamines

Answer 22

• loratadine
• desloratadine
• cetirizine

Question 23

example of anti-inflammatory

Answer 23

sodium cromoglicate

Question 24

how does sodium cromoglicate work

Answer 24

by blocking intracellular chloride channel

Question 25

what is most effective treatment for rhinitis

Answer 25

topical corticosteroid

Question 26

examples of corticosteroid

Answer 26

- beclometasone | - fluticasone

Question 27

common cause

Answer 27

rhinovirus