1
Q
what are the symptoms?
A
oedema
2
Q
what are the signs of RHF?
A
- pitting oedema (ankle and sacral). this is a back pressure effect
- JVP elevated
- Hepatomegaly
- ascites
- Parasternal heave
3
Q
what does sacral oedema suggest?
A
quite severe HF
4
Q
what is hepatomegaly ?
A
hepatic congestion- effectively the same process as having pitting oedema
5
Q
why do patients get a parasternal heave?
A
right ventricular overload
6
Q
what causes a right ventricular overload and thus parasternal heave?
A
cor pulmonale/ pulmonary hypertension
7
Q
what kind of elevation is significant on JVP?
A
JVP elevated (>4cm above the sternal angle)
8
Q
what would be seen on CXR?
A
nothing
Cardiovascular: Heart Failure
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