River

Question 1

River

Answer 1

The ganges Bangladesh

Question 2

Opportunities: fertile land (3)

Answer 2

For growing of rice and jute
for agriculture
Deposition annual of alluvium soil
Irrigation in unsuitable weather

Question 3

Water supply (5)

Answer 3

For drinking, cooking, washing
Irrigation
Enough for dense population of over 1000 per km square

Question 4

Fish supply (3)

Answer 4

Sell to help economy
To feed dense population
Jobs for locals

Question 5

Building

Answer 5

Flat land used for building for dense population

Question 6

Economy (2)

Answer 6

4th largest in world for rice and first for jute`

Question 7

Causes of flooding (7)

Answer 7

Human: deforestation means less interception
Poor people live on flood plains
Farming creates silt which deposits in river causing less carrying capacity
urbanisation leading to impermeable sufaces
May- September 1 metre a day
Frequent tropical cyclones
1.7 million km2 of drainage so large area affected
Very flat land about 50% of country 12m below sea level

Question 8

Impacts of flooding (10)

Answer 8

in 1980
physical impacts
•670,000 hectares if crops destroyed
•2 million tonnes of rice destroyed

• social impacts
  * 1000 killed; 30 million refugees; 50 million without resources; damaged hospitals;
  * water mixed with sewage, creating cholera
  * 2 million tonnes of rice destroyed
• economic impacts
  * land washed away; can’t invest in infrastructure; chars (poor housing) washed away
  * $1 billion of damage
  * 400 factories closed; 20% decrease in production
  • higher food prices due to major loss

Question 9

management of the River Ganges (9)

Answer 9

• 1. Dhaka Flood Protection Project
     * embankment along the western side in response to 1998, increasing water capacity
     * pump stations and drainage systems in Dhaka to move water back into the river
     * problems: $100 million project; expensive to build and maintain
• 2. Flood Preparedness Programme
     * cluster villages: raised land with houses and facilities for 30 families in each
     * food shelters: 2 hectares of raised land with livestock and facilities for 100 families
     * rescue boats: located at flood points and new flood shelters
     * raised homestead: home raised 2 metres; grass planted to prevent erosion
• radios: flood warnings, given to the ‘preparedness committee’