Rivers

Question 1

throughflow

Answer 1

water flow through the soil

Question 2

groundwater flow

Answer 2

water flow through the rock

Question 3

Explain why the building of large settlements on or close to a flood plain increases the discharge of a river after heavy rain.

Answer 3

Water is not able to soak into soil/rock;
Surfaces are impermeable;
Trees have been removed;
Less interception/transpiration;
More overland flow;
Artificial drains move water rapidly to rivers etc.

Question 4

dredging

Answer 4

increases the depth of the river and enables more water to
flow within its banks;

Question 5

bank stabilisation

Answer 5

to protect the banks from erosion and stabilize the river course