Rivers

Question 1

Source

Answer 1

Where the river begins

Question 2

Tributary

Answer 2

Where one river joins a bigger one

Question 3

Mouth

Answer 3

Where the river enters the sea

Question 4

Estuary

Answer 4

The part of the river which is tidal

Question 5

River basin

Answer 5

All the area of land drained by a river and its tributaries

Question 6

Watershed

Answer 6

High ground which separates one river basin from another

Question 7

Confluence

Answer 7

The place where 2 or more rivers meet

Question 8

Course

Answer 8

The rout taken by a river between its source and its mouth

Question 9

How do waterfalls form

Answer 9

Water falls form in the youthful stage of the river due to different erosion where soft rock erodes faster than hard rock. Hydraulic action is the main force with moving water eroding the soft rock faster, while abrasion carries the rivers load to further erode the bed and banks, shaping the plunge pool. As the river carries its load over the fall it deepens the plunge pool. Solution then erodes the back wall creating an overhang of hard rock that will eventually collapse into the plunge pool. This process repeats itself causing the waterfall to repeat, causing an upstream, forming a gorge through head world erosion.

Question 10

Describe the formation of one landform of river deposition

Answer 10

Levees are found along the old stage of the river Liffey Co.Dublin. Levees are raised banked (natural/manmade) along the edges of the river which help prevent flooding. They develop through the process of deposition flooding occurs during heavy rain/snowfall, the rivers rainfall water level rises + overflows its banks. As the floodwater spreads, it slows down losing energy + dropping sediments. Overtime repeated flooding deposits more sediments gradually building up raised embanks-natural levees. Lighter material like salt, sand and clay are carried further away beyond levees. Artificial levees can also be built by humans using soil/concrete/other materials to control flooding + protect settlement

Question 11

Explain how human activity (dam construction) can have a positive/negative impact

Answer 11

Dams can be positive in a way to help generations provide renewable energy and reduce fossil fuel resilience. Water supply + irrigation enables water access for drinking and forming an industry. However dams can have negative impacts as well being flooding, force commitments to relocate. Environmental damage - alters ecosystem fish migration + causes erosion