Roots: Structure and Function

Question 1

Root functions

Answer 1

• anchor
• absorption
• storage
• conduction
• communication
• self fertilization

Question 2

Absorption

Answer 2

• water and minerals

Question 3

Anchoring

Answer 3

• provide support for shoot system
• protect against the toppling forces of wind, snow/rain, gravity

Question 4

Taproot’s purpose

Answer 4

• anchoring

Question 5

Mangrove’s purpose

Answer 5

• provide support in shifting soil/sand and storm protection
• provide oxygen to root cells

Question 6

Limitations of sand

Answer 6

• constant shifting
• low nutrients

Question 7

Ecofriendly of Mangroves

Answer 7

• shelter for tiny fish

Question 8

Cypress purpose

Answer 8

• provide stability
• provide aeration
  increase settling of suspended particles in water

Question 9

Purpose of root hairs in absorption

Answer 9

• increase surface area
• regulate water intake on environment and other materials

Question 10

Storage

Answer 10

• excess carb for later
• form of polysaccharides
• protected from herbivores

Question 11

Conduction

Answer 11

• moves water and minerals through root hairs to roots

Question 12

Xylem

Answer 12

• carries through the plants
• transpiration
• 1 way

Question 13

Phloem

Answer 13

• starches into the roots
• 2 way
• active transport

Question 14

Symbiotic relation of plants and fungi

Answer 14

• plants gain water and minerals
• fungi gain starches and sugar

Question 15

Communication

Answer 15

• use fungal mycelium network
• exchange nutrients
• signal information through secondary chemicals

Question 16

Nodulation

Answer 16

• legumes form relations with nitrogen-fixing bacteria
• colonized by rhizobia, provide N
• form of crop rotation

Question 17

Ginger use

Answer 17

• nausea, motion sickness

Question 18

Goldenseal

Answer 18

• digestion, respiratory infection

Question 19

Echinacea

Answer 19

• digestion, pain relief
• low level acetaminophen