La/el
Meaning - “the”
When Spanish word ends in “a,” use “la”
Use “el” everywhere else
Pluralizing el/la
Change el to los, change la to las
Means “the”
Una/un
Means “a”
When Spanish word ends with “a,” use “una”
Use “un” everywhere else
Pluralizing una/un
Un becomes unos, una becomes unas
Means “a”
Es/etsa (accent on a)
Meaning - is
Use esta for health and location, use es everywhere else
Pluralizing es/esta (accent on a)
Change es to son,
Means -is
Este/esta
Meaning - this
When the Spanish word ends in “a,” use “esta”
Use “este” everywhere else
The personal “a”
Whenever there’s a verb + person configuration, use an “a” in between the two
A el / de el
Meaning - to the
“A el” always becomes “al”
When there’s a de + el configuration, it becomes “del”
Pronunciation
- Stress goes on the second to last syllable
- Stress goes on the last syllable when the word ends in l, r, or dad
- Stress goes on the syllable with an accent mark
- When “c” comes before an ‘e’ or ‘I’ it’s an ‘s’ sound. Otherwise it’s a ‘k’ sound.
- When ‘g’ comes before an ‘e’ or ‘I’ it’s an ‘h’ sound
Negating
Just put no at the beginning of the sentence
Exception-
Favor de- it would be “favor de no hablar espanol.”
when naming a body part in Spanish, you always have to use………
When naming a body part in Spanish, you always have to use ‘el’ or ‘la’ before naming the body part
Verbs that end in “se”
When using a verb that end in “se” and talking about you doing something, change the end to “me”
quedarse = quedarme
When you use ‘es’ or any of its related verb forms, you don’t want to use…
When you use ‘es’ or any of its related verb forms, you don’t want to use ‘un’ or ‘una’
Using ‘el’ or ‘la’ when referring to people
- When you’re referring to a ‘señor’, a ‘señora’ or a ‘señorita’ who isn’t in the immediate environment, you need to use ‘el’ or ‘la’. The sentence, ‘Mrs. Adams isn’t here’ becomes ‘La señora Adams no está aquí’. ‘Where is Mr. Adams?’ is ‘¿Dónde está el señor Adams?’
- When generalizing in Spanish, you need to use ‘el’ or ‘la’.
Pluralizing mi
In Spanish you have to add a final ‘-s’ to ‘mi’ when the noun has a final ‘-s’. This is also applicable with ‘su
Plural nouns and adjective
When a noun is plural, the adjective must also be plural. This is called ‘agreement’. Whenever you use an adjective in Spanish with a noun, you have to make sure the adjective ‘agrees’ with the noun
