0
Q
Channel precipitation Qp -
A
Rain falls directly into channels and flows along drainage system to catchment outlet.
1
Q
A catchment is
A
A valley enclosing a river system, all the rain over the catchment will flow towards the main river.
2
Q
Groundwater flow Qg -
A
Water penetrates ground surface and percolates to where ground is saturated.
3
Q
Overland flow Qo -
A
Rain flows overland as a thin layer of water.
4
Q
Through flow Qt -
A
Rain penetrates ground, but flows through upper, unsaturated layers.
5
Q
The four runoff components are affected by the catchment: (4)
A
Topography.
Geology.
Soil.
Vegetation.
6
Q
The four run off components:
A
Through flow Qt
Overground flow Qo
Channel precipitation Qp
Groundwater flow Qg
