Salts

Question 1

What are the features of salts?

Answer 1

• Ionic compound
• Cation is usually metal or ammonium ion (NH₄⁺)
• Anion is derived from acid
• Formula of salt is same as parent acid, except an H⁺ ion has been replaced by cation

Question 2

What are examples of salts?

Answer 2

• Sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) make sulfate salts
• Hydrochloric acid (HCI) makes chloride salts
• Nitric acid (HNO₃) makes nitrate salts

Question 3

What are the features of salts?

Answer 3

• Ionic compound
• Cation is usually metal or ammonium ion (NH₄⁺)
• Anion is derived from acid
• Formula of salt is same as parent acid, except an H⁺ ion has been replaced by cation

Question 4

What are acid salts?

Answer 4

• Sulfuric acid has two H⁺ ions replacable by different cation, diprotic acid example. If one H⁺ ion is replaced, acid salt is formed
• Acid salt can behave as acid as other H⁺ ion can be replaced to form conventional salt

Question 5

How are salts formed?

Answer 5

Neutralising acids with bases (proton acceptors), such as:
• Carbonates (CO₃²⁻)
• Metal oxides
• Alkalis (soluble base forming OH⁻)

Question 6

What happens when acids react with carbonates?

Answer 6

Forms salt, carbon dioxide and water with CO₂ bubbles

Question 7

What happens when acids react with metal oxides?

Answer 7

Forms salt and water

Question 8

What happens when acids react with alkalis?

Answer 8

Forms salt and water

Question 9

What happens when acids react with metals?

Answer 9

Forms salt and hydrogen gas

Question 10

What do metals oxides and alkalis have in common?

Answer 10

Both bases

Question 11

How are ammonium salts formed?

Answer 11

When acids are neutralised by aqueous ammonia

Question 12

What are the 2 ammonium nitrate ions in solution?

Answer 12

• NH₄⁺ (aq)
• NO₃⁻ (aq)