Define the term health.
A state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing and not merely in the absence of disease or infirmity
Define the term disease
The deviation from the normal structure or function of any body part, organ or system that is manifested by a characteristic set of symptoms
Describe how communicable and non-communicable diseases differ
Communicable = can be spread between individuals
Non-communicable = can’t be transmitted between people
What is the role of the immune system in protecting against disease
To fight harmful substances and germs that enter the body
Explain how disease can affect the immune system
If you are affected by one disease, it could make you more susceptible to others as your body may become weakened by the disease, so it’s less able to fight of others.
Give examples of non-communicable diseases.
Kwashiorkor, scurvy, rickets/osteomalacia, anaemia
Define the term malnutrition
When you get too little or too much of particular nutrients from food. This may cause a specific deficiency disease.
BMI =
Mass / Height
Waist to hip ratio =
Waist measurement / Hip measurement
Describe how smoking correlates with cardiovascular disease.
- Smoking damages the lining of the arteries, including the coronary arteries building fatty material in the arteries. This can lead to a heart attack or a stroke.
- Inhalation of carbon monoxide in cigarette smoke reduces the amount of oxygen that can be carried by the blood.
- The nicotine in cigarette smoke increases heart rate, putting strain on the heart.
- Chemicals in cigarette smoke increase the likelihood of the blood clotting, resulting in a heart attack or stroke.
Explain why exercise and diet affect obesity
