Scapular Region

Question 1

attachments of DELTOID

Answer 1

from clavicle, acromion & scapular spine to the deltoid tuberosity of the humerus

Question 2

segmental innervation of the DELTOID

Answer 2

C5-6

Question 3

actions of DELTOID

Answer 3

flexion & medial rotation (anterior) abduction (primarily middle) extension & lateral rotation , horizontal extension of humerus (posterior)

Question 4

innervation of DELTOID

Answer 4

axillary nerve

Question 5

attachments of SUPRASPINATUS

Answer 5

from the medial 2/3 of the supraspinous fossa to the superior facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus

Question 6

segmental innervation of the SUPRASPINATUS

Answer 6

C4-6

Question 7

actions of SUPRASPINATUS

Answer 7

initiates humeral abduction & laterally rotates the humerus ; stabilizes glenohumeral joint

Question 8

innervation of SUPRASPINATUS

Answer 8

supra scapular nerve

Question 9

attachment of INFRASPINATUS

Answer 9

from the medial 2/3 of the infraspinous fossa to the middle facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus & to shoulder joint capsule

Question 10

segmental innervation of the INFRASPINATUS

Answer 10

C5-6

Question 11

actions of INFRASPINATUS

Answer 11

lateral rotation of the humerus , stabilizes glenohumeral joint

Question 12

innervation of the INFRASPINATUS

Answer 12

suprascapular nerve

Question 13

attachment of TERES MINOR

Answer 13

from the upper 2/3 of the dorsal surface of the lateral border of the scapula to the inferior facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus & shoulder joint capsule

Question 14

segmental innervation of the TERES MINOR

Answer 14

C5-6

Question 15

actions of the TERES MINOR

Answer 15

lateral rotation of the humerus , stabilizes glenohumeral joint

Question 16

innervation of TERES MINOR

Answer 16

axillary nerve

Question 17

attachments of SUBSCAPULARIS

Answer 17

from the subscapular fossa to the lesser tubercle of the humerus

Question 18

segmental innervation of the SUBSCAPULARIS

Answer 18

C5-6

Question 19

actions of the SUBSCAPULARIS

Answer 19

medial rotation of the humerus , stabilizes glenohumeral joint

Question 20

innervations of the SUBSCAPULARIS

Answer 20

upper & lower subscapular nerves

Question 21

attachments of TERES MAJOR

Answer 21

from the dorsal surface of the inferior angle of the scapula & lower 1/3 of the lateral border of the scapula to the medial lip of the inertubercular surface of the humerus

Question 22

segmental innervation of TERES MAJOR

Answer 22

C5-6

Question 23

actions of the TERES MAJOR

Answer 23

humeral adduction , medial rotation & extension

Question 24

innervation of teres major

Answer 24

lower subscapular nerve

Question 25

draw out collateral circulation of the scapula

Answer 25

R subclavian turns into axillary artery off the R subclavian we have the there-cervical trunk and off the trunk we have the supra scapular artery which goes down and has three branches off the R subclavian we have the dorsal scapular nerve which goes along the medial border of scapula and branches off three ways the subscapular artery will branch off the axillary artery and the thoracodorsal artery is an extension of that the circumflex scapular artery is a branch off of the subscapular artery which will connect with the supra scapular artery and the dorsal scapular nerve

Question 26

what muscles make up the borders of the QUADRANGULAR SPACE

Answer 26

superior border: teres minor inferior border: teres major medial border: long head of triceps brachii lateral border: surgical neck of the humerus

Question 27

what neurovascular tracts are found within the quadrangular space

Answer 27

- axillary nerve - PCH: posterior circumflex humeral artery

Question 28

what neurovascular tracts go along the medial border of the scapula

Answer 28

- dorsal scapular nerve - dorsal scapular artery

Question 29

where is the SCAPULAR NOTCH found and what tracts/ligaments are around it

Answer 29

scapular notch is along the superior border of the scapula the superior transverse scapular ligament closes off the notch - the suprascapular ARTERY goes ABOVE the transverse scapular ligament - the suprascapular NERVE goes BELOW the transverse scapular ligament

Question 30

what happens in a SHOULDER SEPARATION

Answer 30

FOOSH: fall on outstretched hand - acromiovclavicular ligament torn - coracoclavicular ligaments (trapezoid medially and conoid laterally) torn: these ligaments are the main stabilizers of the acromioclavicular (AC) joint because they help prevent medial displacement of clavicle, protraction of clavicle, and elevation of clavicle - when there is a complete tear of the coracoclavicular ligaments, the clavicle is free to move over the acromion (superior displacement) - MOST SEVERE cases: both the acromioclavicular and the coracoclavicular ligaments are torn

Question 31

what happens in a SHOULDER DISLOCATION

Answer 31

- happens because the inferior joint capsule is not reinforced by any ligaments - the glenohumeral joint is the MOST dislocated in the body - 95% of dislocations are anterior dislocations - inferior dislocations are the worst because that's where you run into all of the neurovasculature and when there is a lot of pressure put on the neurovasculature from the displaced humerus, that is bad

Question 32

describe the location and contents of the subacromial space

Answer 32

- contains supraspinatus muscle which is rubbing between the head of the humerus and the acromion - made up of synovial membrane: which has synovial fluid that reduces friction, increases movement of tendon and bone

Question 33

what is the SYNOVIAL MEMBRANE made up of

Answer 33

synovial fluid: - reduces friction - increases movement of tendon and bone

Question 34

describe the location and function of the BURSAE in the scapular region

Answer 34

(1) SUBACROMIAL BURSAE: helps reduce friction between the supraspinatus muscle and the acromion (2) SUBDELTOID BURSAE: helps reduce friction between the deltoid tendon and the head of the humerus (3) SUBTENDONOUS BURSAE OF THE SUBSCAPULARIS: reduces friction between subscapularis tendon and coracoid process