matter
anything that has mass and volume
physical property
a characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance; ex. melting point, boiling point, density, etc.
physical change
a change in a substance that does not involve a change in the identity of the substance; ex. grinding, cutting, boiling
chemical property
relates to a substances ability to undergo changes that transform it into different substances; a property that requires a chemical change to observe; ex. reactivity, flammability, etc.
chemical change
a change in which one or more substances are converted into different substances
pure substance
has a fixed composition; elements and compounds
volume
the amount of space an objects takes up; units include mL and cm3
phase change / change of state
a physical change of a substance rom one state to another; energy is either increased or decreased, depending on the change
neutron
a subatomic particle that has no charge and that is found in the nucleus of an atom
electron
a subatomic particle that has a negative change
state of matter
A physical property that describes matter as a solid, liquid, or gas
molecule
a group of two or more atoms bonded together
molecule of a compund
a compound that is composed of 2 or more different atoms
element
a pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances and is made of one type of atoms; found on the periodic table; ex. sulfur, oxygen, carbon, sulfur, etc.
compound
a pure substance made from the atoms of two or more elements chemically bonded; ex. water, CH4, acetic acid, etc.; requires chemical change to separate
mixture
a blend of two or more kinds of matter, each of which retains its own identity and properties; can be physically separated using physical properties
homogeneous mixture
mixtures that are uniform in composition; usually cannot see components
heterogeneous mixture
mixtures that are NOT uniform throughout; can usually see or take apart manually
proton
a subatomic particle that has a positive charge and that is found in the nucleus of an atom
chemistry
the study of the properties of matter and how matter changes
molecule of an element
combination of two or more of the same atoms
Reactants
A starting material in a chemical reaction
products
the substances that are formed by the chemical change
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