What is the Scientific Method? (5 steps)
- State the Problem
- Formulate a hypothesis (an educated guess)
- Observe and Experiment (try to gain validity)
- Interpret Data (Figuring out your results
- Draw conclusions
What is an Experimental group?
the group that the hypothesis is tested on.
what is the control group?
a group which resembles the experimental group in all other ways, but hypothesis is not tested. (In clinical trials, the placebo group)
What are some basic lab tools and their purpose? (5)
- Beaker- (contains fluids, not very accurate, in ML contains to up to about 400ML )
- Graduated Cylinder (more accurate, longer more narrow holds about 50ML)
- Bunsen Burner (flame at the bottom, heat substances, changing state (solid to liquid, or causes chemical reaction)
- Balance (like scales of justice. doesn’t have to be calibrated. doesn’t matter the environment, works the same (even in outer-space)
- Scale (like what you see in the bathroom, has to be calibrated)
What is density (in math)? And How do you measure it?
mass over volume. so you need to find the mass and the volume. How would you do so with a marble?
- to find mass- put it on the balance and place weights on other side
- to find volume- put water in graduated cylinder- measure the water before and after- you are measuring displacement.
What is the Law of Conservation of Matter?
states that matter cannot be created nor destroyed; it can only change form.
Ex: log in fire = ashes. The rest bonded with oxygen and is now a gas.
What is an element?
a substance that cannot be separated into simple substances by chemical means. (Mercury, Hydrogen, Helium, Iron, Barium) Some we encounter all the time, some never.
What is an atom?
smallest unit of an element that still has the properties of that element (so if you had one atom of hydrogen it is going to act the same way as a whole canister of hydrogen).
