Science(Cells)

Question 1

What are living things made of?

Answer 1

Cells – the basic units of life.

Question 2

What is protoplasm made of?

Answer 2

Nucleus, cytoplasm, and cell membrane.

Question 3

Why do we need microscopes to see cells?

Answer 3

Cells are too small for the naked eye.

Question 4

How powerful can microscopes be?

Answer 4

School microscopes: ~400x, electron microscopes: up to 1,000,000x.

Question 5

Are cells flat or 3D?

Answer 5

They are 3D, though they look flat under a microscope.

Question 6

What is the function of the cell membrane?

Answer 6

Controls movement in/out (selectively permeable).

Question 7

What is the cytoplasm?

Answer 7

Jelly-like; site of chemical reactions.

Question 8

What does the nucleus contain?

Answer 8

DNA; controls activities.

Question 9

What are chromosomes?

Answer 9

Coiled DNA with genes.

Question 10

What is the function of a vacuole?

Answer 10

Storage; large in plants, small in animals.

Question 11

What is a cell wall?

Answer 11

Thick support structure (plants only).

Question 12

What do chloroplasts contain?

Answer 12

Chlorophyll for photosynthesis (plants only).

Question 13

What is the function of mitochondria?

Answer 13

Powerhouse, releases energy.

Question 14

True or False: Plant cells have a cell wall.

Answer 14

True.

Question 15

True or False: Animal cells have chloroplasts.

Answer 15

False.

Question 16

How do plant and animal cells differ in shape?

Answer 16

Plant = regular, Animal = irregular.

Question 17

What do plants store as energy?

Answer 17

Starch grains.

Question 18

What do animals store as energy?

Answer 18

Glycogen granules.

Question 19

How many vacuoles are typically found in plant cells?

Answer 19

Few large.

Question 20

How many vacuoles are typically found in animal cells?

Answer 20

Many small.

Question 21

What controls a cell?

Answer 21

The nucleus.

Question 22

How many chromosomes are in human body cells?

Answer 22

46 (23 pairs).

Question 23

How many chromosomes are in human sex cells?

Answer 23

23.

Question 24

What are genes?

Answer 24

Instructions in DNA for traits (e.g., height, eye color).

Question 25

What is the organization of cells?

Answer 25

Cells → Tissues → Organs → Systems → Organism.

Question 26

Provide an example of cell organization.

Answer 26

Muscle cells → muscle tissue → organ (heart) → circulatory system.

Question 27

What are the main parts of a microscope?

Answer 27

* Eyepiece * Arm * Stage * Coarse & Fine adjustment knobs * Base * Body tube * Revolving nosepiece * Objectives * Stage clips * Diaphragm * Light source