Science - Chapter 1

Question 1

What do we use to classify organisms?

Answer 1

The skills of observation and comparison.

Question 2

What does it mean to “classify”?

Answer 2

To put things into groups.

Question 3

Why do we classify?

Answer 3

Classification can help to organize information about organisms. But just knowing what category an organism is in, much can be known about it.

Question 4

What is a Classification System?

Answer 4

A Classification System lists organisms in a series of groups. Today’s system has been developed by many people over many years.

Question 5

How many classification kingdoms exist today and what are their names?

Answer 5

There are six kingdoms today. They are: Archaebacteria, Eubacteria, Protists, Fungae, Plants, Animals.

Question 6

What is a KINGDOM?

Answer 6

The highest or more general group of organisms.

Question 7

What is a PHYLUM?

Answer 7

The next level of classification below kingdom.

Question 8

What is a CLASS?

Answer 8

The level of classification below PHYLUM.

Question 9

What is SPECIES?

Answer 9

The lowest level of the classification system.

Question 10

What are three characteristics of animals?

Answer 10

1. They are multi cellular (made of more than one cell).
2. They can’t make their own food.
3. They can move on their own during part or all of their lives.

Question 11

How many PHYLA are today in the Animal Kingdom?

Answer 11

More than 30 phyla.

Question 12

What is the name of the phylum of organisms that have SPINAL CORDS?

Answer 12

CHORDATA

Question 13

What is one SUBPHYLUM of of CHORDATA?

Answer 13

VERTEBRATES. They are animals with backbones/spine that surround the spinal cord.

Question 14

What are the different classes of the VERTEBRATE SUBPHYLUM?

Answer 14

Mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians and three classes of fish.

Question 15

Characteristics of MAMMALS? Humans / Cows

Answer 15

1. Breathe air with lungs.
2. Make milk for their young.
3. Warm blood.
4. Have hair or fur.

Question 16

Lifecycle of MAMMALS?

Answer 16

1. Birth
2. Grow
3. Reproduce
4. Death

Question 17

What are the differences and similarities between reptiles and mammals?

Answer 17

Similarities:
1. Their lungs and stomachs are similar.
2. Their heads have the same arrangements of eyes, nose and mouth.
Differences:
1. They don’t have any hair or fur.
2. They have tough, dry skin with scales.
3. Cold blooded

Question 18

Life Cycle of Reptiles? SNAKE / LIZARD

Answer 18

Very similar to mammals. 
1. They look like their parents.
Difference:
1. They lay eggs.
2. When they hatch, they are ready to live on their own.

Question 19

Characteristics of BIRDS? PIGEONS/DOVES

Answer 19

1. Warm blooded
2. They have organs such as eyes, tongues, bones (hollow).
3. They have FEATHERS.
4. Not all birds can fly (penguins)
5. They all have beaks and lay hard shelled eggs.

Question 20

Life Cycle of BIRDS?

Answer 20

Very similar to a reptile’s life cycle. They are born from eggs.
Difference with reptiles, is that baby birds have to be fed by their parents.

Question 21

Bird Feathers?

Answer 21

Shaped like airplane wings.

Front edge is thick and back is thin.

Question 22

Characteristics of Amphibians? FROGS/TOADS/SALAMANDER

Answer 22

They are like reptiles in many ways.
1. They are similar in shape.
2. They are cold blooded
3. They both lay eggs.
They are different from reptiles because:
1. Their skin is soft and moist
2. Their skin absorbs water and oxygen.

Question 23

Life Cycle of AMPHIBIANS?

Answer 23

They have a very different life cycle than the other vertebrates.

1. They hatch from eggs.
2. They grow legs
3. Tail gets shorter
4. They develop lungs and stop getting oxygen through gills. Then they begin to live on land.

Question 24

What is METAMORPHOSIS?

Answer 24

It’s the kind of large change that happens during the lifetime of amphibians.

Question 25

Characteristics of FISH?

Answer 25

1. They live in the water 2. They get oxygen through gills 3. Most of them have scales 4. They have a slimy coating that helps water flow past them.

Question 26

Life Cycle of FISH?

Answer 26

They are like reptiles. 1. They hatch from eggs. 2. They can feed themselves right away.

Question 27

What does DINOSAUR mean?

Answer 27

It means "terrible lizard".

Question 28

Compare LIZARDS to DINOSAURS?

Answer 28

SIMILARITIES: 1. They had skeletons with backbones' 2. They had scales. 3. Many walked in four legs. DIFFERENCES: 1. Dinosaur legs go almost straight down from their bodies. 2. Lizard legs stick out more from the sides.

Question 29

Compare DINOSAURS to BIRDS?

Answer 29

SIMILARITIES: 1. Some dinosaurs had feathers and a wishbone. 2. They had a heart similar to birds or mammals hearts.

Question 30

What are invertebrates?

Answer 30

They are animals that have NO BACKBONE. There are more than a million species.

Question 31

Name some kinds of INVERTEBRATES?

Answer 31

1. Mollusks 2. Worms 3. Cnidarians 4. Arthropods

Question 32

MOLLUSKS

Answer 32

1. soft body without bone 2. snails, slugs, clams, squids 3. Some have a hard shell to avoid being eaten. 4. Some get oxygen using gills. 5. Some are able to absorb oxygen through their skin.

Question 33

WORMS

Answer 33

1. They belong to many different PHYLA 2. Flatworms: flat and very thin. they live in wet or damp places 3. Roundworms: can live in water or on land. 4. Earthworms: they live in wet or damp places. 5. Some are microscopic and some are huge.

Question 34

ARTHROPODS

Answer 34

1. Insects, lobsters and spiders. 2. Arthropod means "jointed feet" 3. They have bodies that are divided into separate parts. 4. They are all invertebrate.

Question 35

What is used to identify an organism?

Answer 35

A DICHOTOMUS KEY. you answer a series of questions and follow the arrow with the correct answer.

Question 36

MOSSES

Answer 36

No Vascular No Seeds No Flowers

Question 37

FERNS

Answer 37

Yes Vascular No Seeds No Flowers

Question 38

CONIFERS

Answer 38

Yes Vascular Yes Seeds No Flowers

Question 39

FLOWERING PLANTS

Answer 39

Yes Vascular Yes Seeds Yes Flowers

Question 40

FUNGI KINGDOM

Answer 40

Mushrooms / Yeast | 1. They are not plants because they can't make their own food.

Question 41

PROTIST KINGDOM

Answer 41

Algae / 1. Mostly single cells 2. Some live in colonies 3. Some live inside the digestive system of animals such as cows and termites and help them digest. They would die without the protists.

Question 42

EUBACTERIA KINGDOM

Answer 42

1. Single cell 2. Many different shapes 3. Some have tails that wiggle and move them through water

Question 43

ARCHAEBACTERIA KINGDOM

Answer 43

1. Single cell 2. They can survive in environments that are deadly to other kinds of animals. 3. Some can live in salty water or hot, acid springs.