science evolution

Question 1

The combination of genes you get from your parents is known as your

Answer 1

genotype

Question 2

The physical presentation of your heritable traits

Answer 2

phenotype

Question 3

A scientist observes that in a species of bird, only the birds with very large beaks can crack hard seeds and only birds with very small beaks can reach nectar in narrow flowers. Birds with medium beaks are good at doing both . What will the graph of this population look like after several generations?

Answer 3

A single tall peak in the center

Question 4

A student argues that an organism ‘evolves’ during its lifetime to better fit its environment. Why is this statement scientifically inaccurate according to the theory of natural selection?

Answer 4

Individual organisms do not evolve; populations evolve over generations

Question 5

Which of the following describes ‘biological fitness’ in the context of evolution?

Answer 5

The ability of an individual to survive and produce fertile offspring

Question 6

According to the Hardy-Weinberg principle, which of the following would DISRUPT genetic equilibrium and cause evolution?

Answer 6

A large number of immigrants entering a population

Question 7

What is the relationship between natural selection and evolution?

Answer 7

Evolution is the process of change over time; natural selection is one mechanism that causes it

Question 8

What happens to the allele frequency of a beneficial trait in a population over many generations of natural selection?

Answer 8

It increases because individuals with the trait are more likely to survive and reproduce

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the ‘Peppered Moth’ example of natural selection during the Industrial Revolution?

Answer 9

darker moths had a survival advantage and passed their genes on to more offspring

Question 10

Natural selection acts on the

Answer 10

Individual phenotype

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why ‘overproduction’ (producing more offspring than can survive) is a critical driver of natural selection

Answer 11

It creates a struggle for existence where only individuals with the most fit traits survive

Question 12

Why is genetic variation necessary for natural selection to occur?

Answer 12

Without variation, there are no different traits for nature to select from

Question 13

A specific version or variant of a trait is known as a(n)

Answer 13

allele

Question 14

Which statement best describes the role of mutations in evolution?

Answer 14

Mutations are a source of new genetic variation in a population

Question 15

A shift in allele frequencies in a population over time is known as

Answer 15

Evolution

Question 16

In a population of forest insects, individuals with medium-sized wings are frequently caught by predators, while those with very short wings hide easily and those with very long wings fly away quickly. What type of selection is occurring?

Answer 16

Disruptive Selection

Question 17

In a hypothetical population, a disaster like a volcanic eruption kills 90% of the individuals randomly. The survivors have a different allele frequency than the original group. This is an example of:

Answer 17

Genetic drift

Question 18

If a population is found to be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for a specific gene, what does this tell us about the evolution of that trait in the population?

Answer 18

The allele frequencies are remaining constant from one generation to the next

Question 19

Which of the following is a necessary condition for natural selection to occur within a population?

Answer 19

there must be genetic variation within a population

Question 20

In a population of rabbits, a new predator is introduced that can only catch the slowest rabbits. Over time, the average running speed of the rabbit population increases. This is:

Answer 20

Directional Selection

Question 21

talk more about reproduction- stay away from saying the bacteria will grow “stronger”

Answer 21

talk more about reproduction- stay away from saying the bacteria will grow “stronger”