Science Forces

Question 1

resultant force

Answer 1

the sum of all the forces acting on an object

Question 2

drag

Answer 2

friction between an object and the fluid (gas or liquid) it is moving through

Question 3

magnetic

Answer 3

force between two magnets, or between a magnet and an iron or steel object

Question 4

tension

Answer 4

force acting in stretched objects such as springs, ropes, or springs

Question 5

thrust

Answer 5

a push that accelerates an object in a given direction

Question 6

air resistance

Answer 6

friction between an object and the air it is moving through

Question 7

weight

Answer 7

force on an object due to gravity

Question 8

upthrust

Answer 8

the upward force acting in liquids and gases

Question 9

electrostatic

Answer 9

force between objects which are electrically charged

Question 10

friction

Answer 10

force caused by two surfaces rubbing together

Question 11

balanced

Answer 11

two forces are equal and opposite so resultant force = 0N

Question 12

work done

Answer 12

work is done when energy is transferred or a force moves an object through a distance

Question 13

normal force

Answer 13

a force that stops you falling through the floor

Question 14

unbalanced forces

Answer 14

if more than one force act along a straight line, the resultant force can be found by adding (acting in the same direction) or subtracting (acting in opposite direction) them

Question 15

contact forces

Answer 15

the objects are physically touching e.g friction, air resistance, and tension

Question 16

non-contact forces

Answer 16

the objects are not physically touching e.g gravitational, electrostatic, and magnetic

Question 17

moments

Answer 17

a moment is a turning effect of a force - forces can make objects turn if there is a pivot

Question 18

equation for working out moment

Answer 18

moment = force x perpendicular distance (from pivot point)

Question 19

Hooke’s law

Answer 19

If you apply a force to a spring, then the force stretches the spring. And if you don’t stretch too much, Hooke’s law says that the amount of force you apply is proportional to the stretch. So, that means that if you apply twice the force, you get twice the stretch.

Question 20

lever

Answer 20

rotates around a pivot

Question 21

pivot/ fulcrum

Answer 21

the point that a seesaw turns around

Question 22

three effects of forces

Answer 22

when a resultant force acts, an object may: change speed, change direction, or change shape

Question 23

reading a newton meter

Answer 23

use the bolt on the top of the newton meter to zero it.
read the newton meter at eye level.

Question 24

how to calculate the resultant force

Answer 24

If the forces are all in the same direction, we find the sum (add them together).
If the forces act in opposite directions we find the difference (subtract one from the other).

Question 25

independent variable

Answer 25

the variable you deliberately change

Question 26

dependent variable

Answer 26

the variable you measure

Question 27

control variables

Answer 27

that factors that you keep the same to ensure a fair test

Question 28

balanced and unbalanced

Answer 28

If forces are balanced, an object continues in its current motion. So if it’s stationary, it continues to be stationary. If it’s moving, it travels at constant speed in a straight line.

Question 29

bar graph

Answer 29

vertical bars (smallest to largest), categorical data (words)

Question 30

scatter graph

Answer 30

plotted points (+), line of best fit (straight/ curved), numerical data

Question 31

mass

Answer 31

the quantity of matter that an object is made up of, measured in grams and kilograms

Question 32

weight (calculation, units)

Answer 32

a force calculated by mass x gravitational pull and measured in newtons

Question 33

how to convert between mass and weight

Answer 33

a multiplication of 9.8

Question 34

why we call them weighing scales and not mass scales

Answer 34

because they detect weight but the displayed number is mass

Question 35

unit for force

Answer 35

newtons

Question 35

what happens to your weight and mass in space

Answer 35

your weight changes but your mass stays the same

Question 36

what causes friction

Answer 36

friction is a contact force, where two rough materials rub together, and it is caused by two rough bits getting caught in the dips of the other surface

Question 37

safety measures in the lab

Answer 37

hair up, no eating or drinking, wear goggles

Question 38

what causes air resistance

Answer 38

air resistance is a type of friction caused by **air particles colliding with a moving object, which opposes its motion.** the key factors causing air resistance are the object's **speed, its surface area, and its shape**

Question 39

how to use a measuring cylinder accurately

Answer 39

flat surface, measure from miniscus at eye level

Question 40

what happens with materials and electrostatic charge

Answer 40

the rougher the material, the more electrostatic charge it has compared to smoother materials

Question 41

gravitational force on Earth

Answer 41

9.8 N/kg

Question 42

what determines the size of a moment

Answer 42

the size of the force applied and the distance the force acts from the pivot

Question 43

what is meant by 'perpendicular distance from pivot'

Answer 43

the distance from the pivot to the force which is 90 degrees to the force

Question 44

safety checks for when using a Bunsen burner

Answer 44

goggles, hair tied up, safety flame when not supervising, heat-proof mat, and ensure tube is connected to gas before witching it on

Question 45

opposing forces (resultant force)

Answer 45

in calculating the resultant force, up and right are positive; down and left are negative