Scientific Method

Question 1

Nutrition

Answer 1

The way in which living organisms use food

Question 2

Function of Food

Answer 2

A complex of chemicals required by a living organism to provide energy, used in growth and repair and to maintain metabolic processes and continuity of life

Question 3

Biomolecules

Answer 3

Chemical found in and produced by living organisms

Question 4

General Formula of Carbs

Answer 4

Cx(H20)y

Question 5

Chemical Formula of Glucose

Answer 5

C6H12O6

Question 6

Monosaccharide Example

Answer 6

Glucose

Question 7

What is a monosaccharide

Answer 7

A single sugar unit

Question 8

What is a disaccharide

Answer 8

Two sugar units joined together

Question 9

Disaccharide Example

Answer 9

Sucrose

Question 10

What is a polysaccharide

Answer 10

Carbs composed of many sugar units joined together

Question 11

Example of a Polysaccharide

Answer 11

Starch or Cellulose

Question 12

Glycogen is..

Answer 12

Stored in liver and muscle

Question 13

Structural Role of Carb

Answer 13

Component of cell wall

Question 14

Metabolic Role of Carbs

Answer 14

Glucose is broken down in respiration to release energy, hence used to carry out other metabolic reactions

Question 15

2 Main Types of Fats

Answer 15

Phospholipids and Triglycerides

Question 16

Fats vs Oils

Answer 16

Fats - Solid at room temp
Oils - Liquid at room temp

Question 17

Structure of Triglycerides

Answer 17

1 Glycerol
3 Fatty Acids

Question 18

Structure of Phospholipids

Answer 18

1 Glycerol
1 Phosphate
2 Fatty Acids

Question 19

Structural Role of Phospholipids

Answer 19

Component of cell membrane in all living cells

Question 20

Structural Role of Triglycerides

Answer 20

Forms Adipose tissue around organs, acts as a shock absorber

Question 21

Metabolic Role of Fats

Answer 21

Energy

Question 22

How many common amino acids are there?

Answer 22

20

Question 23

Types of Protein

Answer 23

Fibrous and Globular

Question 24

Fibrous Proteins…

Answer 24

..have little of no folding (hair. skin, nails)

Question 25

Globular Proteins...

Answer 25

..lots of folding (hormones, enzymes, antibodies)

Question 26

Structural Role of Proteins

Answer 26

Keratin - Hair Skin Nails Collagen - Bone Ligaments Tendons

Question 27

Metabolic Role of Proteins

Answer 27

Enzymes and Antibodies

Question 28

Fat Soluble Vitamins

Answer 28

A, D, E, K

Question 29

Water Soluble Vitamins

Answer 29

B, C

Question 30

Structural Role of Vitamins

Answer 30

None

Question 31

Metabolic Role of Vitamins

Answer 31

Homeostasis

Question 32

Other Name For Vitamin D

Answer 32

Calciferol

Question 33

Deficiency in Vit D can lead to

Answer 33

Osteomalacia in Adults Rickets in Children

Question 34

Metabolic Role of Vit D

Answer 34

Absorption of Calcium in digestive system

Question 35

Other Name For Vit C

Answer 35

Ascorbic Acid

Question 36

Deficiency of Vit C can lead to

Answer 36

Scurvy

Question 37

Metabolic Role of Vit C

Answer 37

Formation of Collagen

Question 38

Water % in cell mass

Answer 38

70% - 95%

Question 39

Plant Minerals

Answer 39

Calcium Magnesium

Question 40

Function of Calcium in Plants

Answer 40

Required to form the middle lamella cement that glues plant cells together

Question 41

Function of Magnesium in Plants

Answer 41

Key component on Chlorophyll

Question 42

Animal Minerals

Answer 42

Calcium Iron

Question 43

Function of Calcium in animals

Answer 43

Formation of teeth and growth and maintenance of bones

Question 44

Function of Iron in animals

Answer 44

Key component of Haemoglobin

Question 45

How to test for Starch

Answer 45

Add 3 drops on Iodine onto food, if starch is present: Orange-Yellow -> Blue-Black

Question 46

Test for Lipids

Answer 46

Rub foods onto brown pap. Let paper dry. If thee is a translucent spot: Fat is present

Question 47

Test for Glucose

Answer 47

Add Benedicts Solution to a solution of water and sugar. Glucose is present: Blue -> Brick-Red Control - Water

Question 48

Test for Protein

Answer 48

Biuret Reagent into a test tube of milk. Protein is present: Blue -> Lilac