Self-Management

Question 1

What doe self-management require?

Answer 1

Patient, family/carers, and health care providers working together to increase the patient’s capacity to manage their own condition

Question 2

What are the aims of self-management programs?

Answer 2

• Increase patients’ self-efficacy
• Empower patients to be actively involved in
  their own care
• Optimise health outcomes

Question 3

What is self-efficacy?

Answer 3

• A person’s confidence in his/her ability to manage challenges
• Influential in seeking and implementing solutions
• Correlated with degree of recovery after stroke

Question 4

What are the important elements of self-management?

Answer 4

• Education
• Goal setting
• Barrier identification & development of
  solutions for overcoming barriers
• Providing instruction on implementation of the behaviour
  - Self-monitoring
  - Follow-up
  - Encouragement and praise
  - Generating strategies for relapse

Question 5

What does education enable patients & family/carers to do?

Answer 5

• Understand the condition and various treatment
  options
• Negotiate a care plan
• Engage in activities that promote health
• Monitor & manage the signs & symptoms related to the condition
• Manage the impact of the condition on physical activity, emotional well-being & relationships

Question 6

What did Lorig et al 1999 state regarding self-management?

Answer 6

• Self-management was feasible
•  Self-management improved health behaviours, health status, and health service utilisation (i.e. fewer & shorter periods of hospitalisation)
•  Included patients with a range of chronic diseases, including heart disease, lung disease, stroke & arthritis

Question 7

What did Lennon et al 2013 fid regarding self-management after stroke?

Answer 7

• Systematic review of self-management after stroke
•  Concluded that there is some evidence that self-management interventions are effective for stroke survivors
• But optimal content & delivery of self-management programs is not yet clear
•  Self-management programs with demonstrated efficacy all incorporated information provision, goal setting & problem solving

Question 8

What did Jones et al 2015 find regarding self-management after stroke?

Answer 8

• Systematic review of self-management programs which included at least one element targeting physical activity after stroke
•  3 studies suggested self- management increased physical activity