What are the eight goals of medicine
- Promotion of health and prevention of disease
- Maintain/improve quality of life, by relief of pain/suffering
- Cure disease
- Prevent untimely death
- Improve/maintain functional status
- Educate
- Avoid harm
- Near death relief
What is the difference between morals and ethics?
Morals define a single person
Ethics are part of a social system
Ethics is a branch of what subject?
Philosophy
“can we…” is what type of question (medical, ethical, or legal)?
Medical
“Should we…” is what type of question (medical, ethical, or legal)?
Ethical
“Do we have to…” is what type of question (medical, ethical, or legal)?
Legal
What are codes of ethics?
Summarize principles and behavior expected, as well as provide guidelines
What are the six different sources of ethical conflict?
- Different facts
- Different values
- Different emotions
- Different reasoning
- Different loyalties
- Different perceptions
What are virtues?
character traits which disposes habitually to excellence in intent and performance
What are the 8 virtues?
- Prudence-wisdom
- Justice
- Fortitude
- Temperance
- Fidelity to trust
- Compassion
- Integrity
- Effacement of self-interest
What are the 4 “cardial” virtues?
- Prudence-wisdom
- justice
- Fortitude
- Temperance
What is wisdom?
Possessing moral insight
What is the only one of the four principles that is also a virtue?
Justice
What is Fortitude?
Sustained moral courage
What is integrity?
Being moral
What are the four ethical principles?
- Beneficence
- Nonmaleficence
- Autonomy
- Justice
Which has a negative prohibition, and which has a positive requirement (Non-maleficence, beneficence)?
Beneficence = Positive Requirement
Nonmaleficence- Negative prohibitions
What are the aspects involved in evaluating and ethical problem, and what are the principles behind them?
- Medical indications (beneficence/nonmale)
- Patient preferences (autonomy)
- Quality of life (three above)
- Contextual features (justice)
