Settlements: Patterns

Question 1

Nucleated: Physical factors (3)

Answer 1

1. Relief - gentle slopes and plains
2. water - scarce settlements (wet point)
3. Soil - fertile soil so farmers cluster

Question 2

Nucleated: Social & Cultural (3)

Answer 2

1. Safety - fortified villages in war times
2. Political - communism & socialism
3. Tradition & Religion - sense of belonging & unity

Question 3

Nucleated: Economic (2)

Answer 3

1. Land Ownership - communal, collective, hired workers
2. Agricultural - collective farming, centrally located village

Question 4

Dispersed: Physical (3)

Answer 4

1. relief - mountainous and hilly
2. Water - abundant water, settle anywhere
3. Soil - infertile soil & poor pastures (ie stock farmers)

Question 5

Nucleated: Social & Cultural (3)

Answer 5

1. Safety - Peaceful time, farmers dispersed
2. Political - Capitalism, free market system
3. Tradition & Religion inherited land, breakdown of tradition

Question 6

Nucleated: Economic (2)

Answer 6

1. Land ownership - private ownership, loose pieces of land
2. Agricultural - extensive stock farming, individual farmers

Question 7

Advantages of Dispersed (4)

Answer 7

(mostly economic)
1. work for yourself and keep the profits
2. make your own decisions and use initiative
3. single piece of land. more efficient
4. can make maximum use of machinery

Question 8

Disadvantages of Dispersed (4)

Answer 8

(mostly social)
1. Lack of social contact
2. less security, isolated and vulnerable
3. no help or assistance, people far away
4. far from essential services eg medical

Question 9

Advantages of Nucleated (5)

Answer 9

(mostly social)
1. safety in numbers
2. social contact and community involvement
3. help available, lots of people
4. close to services
5. share the workload (co-op farming)

Question 10

Disadvantages of Nucleated (7)

Answer 10

(mostly economic)
1. cant make your own decisions
2. cant use your own initiative
3. cant use modern farming methods
4. scattered fields are time consuming
5. machinery is shared
6. profits are shared
7. separation between work and home

Question 11

Round or Square (pattern)

Answer 11

Houses clustered around a focal point eg church, market square, village green, kraal

Question 12

Linear (pattern)

Answer 12

Farmsteads close to one another along a road, river or in a valley.

Question 13

T shaped, cross road, stellar/star (pattern)

Answer 13

Found at nodal point of transport or communication routes ie junction of roads