Shock

Question 1

Tachycardia is a….

Answer 1

Compensatory mechanism for low perfusion

Question 2

Regardless of etiology, what is the definition of shock

Answer 2

Perfusion is unable to meet demands

Question 3

The clinical signs of shock are a “syndrome” 6

Answer 3

1. Tachycardia
2. Pale MM
3. Cool extremities
4. Hypotension
5. Weak pulses (low pulse pressure)
6. Oliguria

Question 4

Four classifications of shock

Answer 4

1. Hypovolemic
2. Cardiogenic
3. Distributive
4. Obstructive

Question 5

A major aspect of pathophysiology of shock is that, if there’s not enough oxygen present for the production of ATP… What four things does it cause

Answer 5

1. Sodium (extracellular) potassium (intracellular) pump malfunctions
2. Causing cell swelling and rupture
3. Lack of ATP effects availability of calcium
4. Activates destructive enzymes

Question 6

Why is calcium needed

Answer 6

Neurotransmitters and muscle contraction

Question 7

What are the three major compensatory responses to shock

Answer 7

1. Fluid shifts
2. Hormonal
3. Neural

Question 8

Shock compensatory fluid shift

Answer 8

Interstitial to vascular (increases vascular volume)

Question 9

Hormonal compensatory response to shock

Answer 9

Renin/ Angiotensin/ Aldosterone
ADH
(increase fluid retention)

Question 10

Neural compensatory response to shock

Answer 10

Sympathetic to increase cardiac output