Describe Congential vertical talus
Hind foot equinus talus vertical rocker bottom foot talo-nav joint subluxed forefoot abd+ DF
Ax
Max DF–> hind foot stuck in plantar
Max PF–> can’t go any further
DDH
Ax
- observation: unequal creases in buttocks or thighs, difficulty spreading legs, inequality in leg length
- Ortolani= initial downwards pressure further dislocates hip, relocates as the thigh is add
- Barlow= leg pulled forward then adducted in attempt to dislocate femur
Osteo-chondro-dysplasia
MSK UL
MSK LL
UL
- rhizomelic shortening humerus
- limited elbow ext
- supinated forearm
- trident hand appearance, can’t fully oppose 3/4th digits
- short fingers
LL TRAVELS
- trident pelvis
- Rhizomelic shortening of femur
- Acetabular angle reduced
- Varus knee, bowing
- Expanded metaphases at knee (bowing)
- long fibula
- short toes
4 main types of Osteogenesis imperfect
- diffus osteoporosis/ marked loss of bone
- multiple + recurrent fractures
- shrt stature, progressive deformity
- lax ligaments
ICF CP
motor +
sensation, perception, cognition, communication and behaviour, epilepsy, and secondary MSK probems
motor types of CP
Spastic
Ataxia
Dyskinetic
Manual abilities classification system
1= handle objects easily and successfully
2-handles most objects but with somewhat decrease quality/speed
3= handles objects with difficulty, needs help to prepare and or modify activities
4= handles limited selection of easily managed objects in adaption situation
5= does not handle objects, severely limited ability to perform simple actions
Vikings speech scale
1= speech not affected 2= speech is imprecise 3= speech is unclear, + not usually understandable to familiar listeners 4= not understandable
Choreoarthortosis ICF
Involuntary movements (neurological)
- slow, continuous, withering, movments
- small/big, rapid, irregular random/jerky
- present at rest and made worst with movment attempts
- usually affects hands, feet, arms, or legs
- sometimes affects whole body
- often increases in response to emotion stress
Fluctuating tone (neuro)
- alternating between floppy (hypotonia) or
- extreme variable motion (hyperkinesia)
Postural control problems
- difficulty attaining postures
- inability to maintain posture (orientation)
- difficulty with regaining postures
Difficulty processing sensory info
-instability in head and body position, so diff processing stim
GM
- diff being still
- controlling transitions
FM
- poor control of trajectory and end point accuracy
- diff holding objects
Oral motor
- face –> grimacing
- tongue–> drooling
- lip/tongue/breathing/vocal cords–> motor speech, eating and drinking
Associated difficulties with hydrocephalus
Eye-hand coordination Attention Memory Sequencing Decision-making Comprehension Generalising Organisation Problem-solving Motivation/initiation
Arnold chiari M what
Symptoms older children
Herniation out of foramen magnum compressing brain stem and cranial nerves • Sleep disturbances • Nystagmus • Headache • Neck pain and stiffness • Increasing weakness • Spasticity • Reduced balance • Loss of sensation • UL dysfunction
Arnold CM Symptoms infant
- Snoring
- Chewing and swallowing difficulties
- Stridor
- Recurrent aspirations
- Apnoea and cyanosis
- Sweating and kin discolouration
- Nystagmus
- Tonal changes
S & S of increased intracranial pressure or failed shunt: infant
Infants
- sunset eyes
- papilloedema
- seizures
- drowsiness
- poor feeding and vomiting
- irritability
- increased head circumference
- tense or bulging fontanelle
- separation of sutures
- prominent scalp veins
- asymmetrical posture
