Shoulder

Question 1

What is the bony support of the shoulder?

Answer 1

pectoral girdle = clavicle + scapula

Question 2

What is the arterial supply of the shoulder?

Answer 2

• branches of the axillary art. from the subclavian art.
• pectoral branches of thoracoacromial art.

Question 3

What is the innervation of the shoulder?

Answer 3

branches of the brachial plexus

Question 4

What are the branches of the axillary artery? (S.T.L.S.A.)

Answer 4

• superior thoracic art. (1st branch)
• thoracoacromial art. (2nd branch)
• lateral thoracic (2nd branch)
• subscapular (3rd branch)
• ant. and post. humeral circumflex (3rd branch)

Question 5

What are the branches of the subclavian artery? (V.I.D.C.T.)

Answer 5

• vertebral art.
• internal thoracic art.
• thyrocervical trunk
• costocervical trunk
• dorsal scapular art.

Question 6

What are the thoracoacromial branches of the axillary artery? (P.A.C.D)

Answer 6

• acromial
• clavicular
• deltoid
• pectoral

Question 7

Where does the cephalic vein run through between the deltoid and pectoralis major?

Answer 7

deltopectoral groove

Question 8

What does the thyrocervical trunk of the subclavian art. split into?

Answer 8

suprascapluar and transverse cervical art.

Question 9

What do the branches of the thoracoacromial art. form?

Answer 9

an anastomosis

Question 10

What does the subscapular artery split into?

Answer 10

thoracodorsal and circumflex scapular

Question 11

What are the arteries that supply the post. shoulder?

Answer 11

• dorsal scapular
• suprascapular
• scapular circumflex
• post. humeral circumflex

Question 12

What are the superficial muscles of the shoulder?

Answer 12

• pectoralos major
• deltoid
• trapezius
• lat. dorsi
• subclavius

Question 13

What are the deep muscles of the shoulder?

Answer 13

• pec. major
• coricobrachialis
• biceps brachii
• serr. ant.
• rhomboids major & minor
• levator scapulae
• teres major

Question 14

What are the medial attachments of the pectoralis major?

Answer 14

• sternum
• medial 1/3 of clavicle
• costal cartilages of ribs 2-6

Question 15

What is the distal attachment of the pectoralis major?

Answer 15

lateral ridge of intertubercular groove

Question 16

What is the arterial supply of the pectoralis major?

Answer 16

pectoral branches of thoracoacromial art.

Question 17

What is the innervation of the pectoralis major?

Answer 17

medial and lateral pectoral nerves

Question 18

What vein separates the pectoralis major from the deltoid?

Answer 18

cephalic vein

Question 19

What are the proximal attachments of the deltoid?

Answer 19

• lateral 1/3 of calvicle
• acromion
• spine of scapula

Question 20

What is the distal attachments of the deltoid?

Answer 20

deltoid tuberosity

Question 21

What is the arterial supply of the deltoid?

Answer 21

deltoid branch of thoracoacromial art. and post. humeral circumfelx art.

Question 22

What is the innervation of the deltoid?

Answer 22

axillary nerve from post. branch of brachial plexus

Question 23

What are the boundaries of the quadrangular space?

Answer 23

• lateral: shaft of humerus
• medial: long head of triceps brachii
• superior: teres minor
• inferior: teres major

Question 24

What 3 parts is the axillary artery divided into?

Answer 24

1. medial pec. minor
2. beneath pec. minor
3. lateral to pec. minor

Question 25

What runs through the quadrangular space?

Answer 25

* axillary nerve * post. humeral circumflex art.

Question 26

What is the proximal attachment of the pectoralis minor?

Answer 26

surfaces of ribs 3-5

Question 27

What is the distal attachment of the pectoralis minor?

Answer 27

coracoid process

Question 28

What is the arterial supply of the pectoralis minor?

Answer 28

pectoral branch from the thoracoacromial art.

Question 29

What is the innervation of the pectoralis minor?

Answer 29

med. pectoral nerve from med. cord of brachial plexus

Question 30

What is the proximal attachment of the serratus anterior?

Answer 30

lateral surface of ribs 1-8

Question 31

What is the distal attachment of the serratus anterior?

Answer 31

vertebral border of scapula

Question 32

What is arterial supply of the serratus anterior?

Answer 32

lat. thoracic art.

Question 33

What is the innervation of the serratus anterior?

Answer 33

long thoracic nerve

Question 34

What are the muscles of the rotator cuff?

Answer 34

* subscapularis (ant. scapula) * infraspinatus (post. scapula) * teres minor (post scapula) * supraspinatus (popst. scapula)

Question 35

What is the arterial supply of the rotator cuff?

Answer 35

suprascapular art.

Question 36

What is the innervation of the rotator cuff?

Answer 36

suprascapular nerve

Question 37

What are the functions of the rotator cuff muscles?

Answer 37

* protect GH joint capsule * provide stability for GH joint * hold large head of humerus in shallow glenoid fossa * act as primary movers for abduction and rotation

Question 38

The deltoid and supraspinatus do what percentage of abduction?

Answer 38

* deltoid -> 90% * supra. -> 10%

Question 39

What rotator cuff muscle is commonly torn due to location and vascularity?

Answer 39

supraspinatus

Question 40

What is the most common rotator cuff injury?

Answer 40

tendonitis caused by GH joint instability

Question 41

What is brachial plexus (Erbs) palsy?

Answer 41

* weakness/paralysis as result of damage to brachial plexus during childbirth * damage occurs to nerve roots C5& C6 -> ulnar is only nerve not affected