SIP Cell Structure

Question 1

Plasma membrane

Answer 1

Glycolipid, glycoprotein, cholesterol, carbohydrate
Regulates material entering and leaving cell
Cell communication eg lymphocytes

Question 2

Cell membrane

Answer 2

Boundary of the cell made from phospholipid bilayer
Contain channel proteins for movement of substances

Question 3

Nucleus

Answer 3

Made of chromosomes and largest organelle in cell
Site of genetic information

Question 4

Nucleolus

Answer 4

Ribosome production and site of rRNA
Chromosomes

Question 5

Cytoplasm

Answer 5

Viscous fluid containing organelles
Site of chemical reactions

Question 6

Cytoskeleton

Answer 6

microfilaments are thin ropes for movement, microtubules are hollow tubes for transport of materials and intermediate fibres are strong cables for stability

Question 7

Ribosomes

Answer 7

Not membrane bound and made of rRNA
Protein synthesis

Question 8

Rough endoplasmic reticulum RER

Answer 8

Modification of protein in Protein synthesis.

Question 9

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum SER

Answer 9

Synthesis of lipids and carbohydrates
Detoxification in liver

Question 10

Vesicles

Answer 10

Membrane bound sac.
Stores and transports substances within cell eg proteins to Golgi apparatus

Question 11

Golgi apparatus

Answer 11

Modify and package macromolecules like lipids and proteins
Creates lysosomes

Question 12

Lysosomes

Answer 12

Digestive enzyme of waste material

Question 13

Mitochondria

Answer 13

Double membrane bound with own dna
Create ATP

Question 14

Vacuole

Answer 14

Membrane bound in plant cell
Storage organelle

Question 15

Epithelial tissue

Answer 15

Covers body surface and forms glands for protection
Protection, excretion, secretion and absorption

Question 16

Connective tissue

Answer 16

Protects other tissue
Cartilage, bone, fat

Question 17

Muscle tissue

Answer 17

Contracts to create movement
Skeletal, cardiac, smooth muscle

Question 18

Nervous system

Answer 18

Specialised for communication

Question 19

Membranous epithelia

Answer 19

Form cell lining

Question 20

Glandular epithelia

Answer 20

Exocrine and endocrine gland

Question 21

Simple Squamous epithelial

Answer 21

Flat shape and thin for diffusion eg alveoli

Question 22

Simple Columnar epithelial

Answer 22

Tall column like shape for absorption and secretion eg intestine

Question 23

Cuboidal epithelial

Answer 23

Cuboid shape for excretion and absorption eg kidney

Question 24

Stratified squamous epithelial

Answer 24

Multiple layers
Skin

Question 25

Pseudo-striated Ciliated columnar epithelial

Answer 25

Single layer but looks like multiple Cilia. Goblet cells in Trachea

Question 26

Transitional epithelia

Answer 26

Changes shape Bladder

Question 27

Metaplasia

Answer 27

Reversible change in adult cell from external stimulus

Question 28

Dysplasia

Answer 28

From organised tissue into abnormal version due to internal stimulus like genetics Unreversible