Site Development

Question 1

Construction Site Layout & Surveying:
Benchmark?
Backsight?
Foresight?
Equations relating each other?

Answer 1

Benchmark = permanent point of known elevation
Backsight = elevation difference using level rod to known point
Foresight = elevation difference using level rod of unknown point
TP = HI - FS
HI = BM + BS

Question 2

OSHA/EPA requirements:
Permit required if how much land is disturbed?
What height of platform are railings required?

Answer 2

1 acre of disturbed land requires permit
platforms greater than 6 ft above ground require railing

Question 3

mass diagram of earthwork axes

Answer 3

X axis = station
Y axis = cubic yards of excavation and embankment (cumulative sum of earthwork volumes)