Define drip irrigation.
A method that delivers water directly to plant roots through a network of tubing.
True or false: Over-irrigation can lead to waterlogging.
TRUE
Waterlogging can suffocate roots and reduce crop yields.
Fill in the blank: Sprinkler systems are used for _______ irrigation.
surface
What is a backflow preventer?
A device that prevents contaminated water from flowing back into the main supply.
Define surface irrigation.
A method where water flows over the soil surface to reach plants.
What is the purpose of mulching in irrigation?
To retain soil moisture and reduce evaporation.
True or false: Soil type affects irrigation efficiency.
TRUE
Sandy soils drain quickly, while clay soils retain water longer.
Fill in the blank: Irrigation scheduling involves planning _______ and amount of water.
timing
What is drainage in irrigation?
The process of removing excess water from the soil.
Define pivot irrigation.
A system that rotates around a central pivot to irrigate crops in a circular pattern.
What is the main benefit of subsurface irrigation?
It delivers water directly to the root zone, minimizing evaporation.
True or false: Rainwater harvesting can supplement irrigation needs.
TRUE
It captures and stores rainwater for later use in irrigation.
Fill in the blank: Irrigation runoff can lead to _______ pollution.
water
What is the role of a flow meter in irrigation?
To measure the volume of water being used in the system.
Define flood irrigation.
A method where fields are flooded with water to irrigate crops.
What is a water budget in irrigation?
A calculation of water inputs and outputs for efficient management.
True or false: Irrigation efficiency is the ratio of water used by plants to total water applied.
TRUE
Higher efficiency means less waste and better resource management.
Fill in the blank: Micro-irrigation systems use _______ to minimize water use.
emitters
What is salinity in irrigation context?
The concentration of salts in soil or water, affecting plant growth.
Define irrigation audit.
A systematic evaluation of an irrigation system’s performance and efficiency.
What is the purpose of fertigation?
To apply fertilizers through the irrigation system for efficient nutrient delivery.
True or false: Irrigation systems require regular maintenance to function effectively.
TRUE
Regular checks prevent leaks and ensure optimal performance.
Fill in the blank: Water conservation practices help reduce _______ in irrigation.
waste
What is the impact of climate change on irrigation?
It can alter precipitation patterns, affecting water availability for irrigation.
