Total number of bones in the human body
206 bones
14 facial bones/facial skeleton
Unpaired:
Mandible
Vomer
Paired:
Maxilla
Nasal bone
Lacrimal bone
Palatine bone
Zygomatic bone
Inferior nasal concha
6 cranial bones
Unpaired:
Frontal bone
Ethmoid bone
Sphenoid bone
Occipital bone
Paired:
Parietal bone
Temporal bone
4 Parts of the Skeletal System
- Bones
- Joints
- Cartilages
- Connective tissues (ligaments & tendons)
5 functions of the bones
- Support body
- Protect soft organs
- Movement with muscles
- Store minerals and fats
- Form blood cells
2 basic types of bone tissue
- Compact bone (homogenous)
- Spongy bone (open spaces)
4 classifications of bones based on shape
- Long
- Short
- Flat
- Irregular
Examples of long bones
Femur
Fibula
Tibia
Metatarsals, metacarpals
Phalenges
Humerus
Radius
Ulna
Examples of short bones
Carpal/wrist bones
Tarsal/ankle bones
Example of flat bones
Skull
Sternum
Scapula
Ribs
Illium, ischium, pubis
Examples of irregular bones
Vertebrae
Pelvis
Mandible
Maxilla
3 types of bone cells
- Osteocytes
- Osteoblasts
- Osteoclasts
Mature bone cells
Osteocytes
Bone-forming cells
Osteoblasts
Bone-destroying cells, breaks down bone matrix for remodeling and release of calcium
Osteoclasts
Which two bone cells are involved in bone remodeling?
Osteoblasts and osteoclasts
In embryos, the skeleton is primarily ______.
Hyaline cartilage
Give 3 isolated areas where cartilage is located
- Bridge of nose
- Parts of ribs
- Joints
2 divisions of the human skeleton
- Axial
- Appendicular
4 main body parts that are part of the axial skeleton
- Head
- Neck
- Back
- Chest
Place where two bones come together
Joint or articulation
3 types of joints
- Fibrous
- Cartilaginous
- Synovial
Immovable joints that connect bones
Fibrous
Locations of fibrous joints
Skull, pelvis
