Functions
provides framework that SUPPORTS the body, PROTECTS vital organs, works with muscles to provide MOVEMENT, STORES MINERALS such as calcium and phosphorus, PRODUCES BLOOD CELLS in red bone marrow (hematopoiesis)
Bone
a hard, mineralized connective tissue that forms the skeleton
Compact bone
dense bone tissue that forms the outer layer of bones
Spongy bone
porous bone tissue found inside bones that reduces weight and houses red marrow
Diaphysis
the shaft of a long bone
Epiphysis
the expanded ends of a long bone
Metaphysis
the region between the diaphysis and epiphysis
Articular cartilage
hyaline cartilage that covers the ends of bones at joints
Periosteum
a fibrous membrane covering the outer surface of bone
Medullary cavity
the hollow space within the diaphysis that contains marrow
Osteocyte
a mature bone cell that maintains bone tissue
Osteoblast
a bone-forming cell that builds new bone matrix
Osteoclast
a bone-breaking cell that resorbs bone tissues
Red bone marrow
marrow that produces blood cells
Yellow bone marrow
marrow that stores fat
Long bone
a bone longer than it is wide (femur, humerus)
Short bone
a cube-shaped bone (carpals)
Flat bone
a thin, flat bone that protects organs (skull, sternum)
Irregular bone
a bone with a complex shape (vertebrae)
Axial skeleton
bones of the skull, vertebral column, and thoracic cage
Apeendicular skeleton
bones of the limbs and limb girdles
Joint (articulation)
a place where two or more bones meet
Ligament
a band of connective tissue that connects bone to bone
Cartilage
a flexible connective tissue that cushions joints
