Skeletal System

Question 1

the entire framework of bones and cartilage

Answer 1

the skeletal system

Question 2

Functions of Bones:

Answer 2

• give body structure
• site of tendon and ligament attachment (for movement)
• protection of some internal organs
• stores minerals (calcium and phosphate)
• blood cell production (occurs in the red bone marrow of the epiphysis)
• triclyceride storage (stored in medullary cavity)

Question 3

Where does blood cell production occur?

Answer 3

in the red bone marrow of the epiphysis

Question 4

where are triglycerides stored?

Answer 4

in the medullary cavity

Question 5

What minerals do bones store?

Answer 5

Calcium and phosphate

Question 6

Two parts of the long bone:

Answer 6

• Diaphysis
• Epiphysis
• Articular Cartilage
• Periostium
• Medullary Cavity
• Endosteum

Question 7

the two swellings of either end of the long bone

Answer 7

Epiphysis

Question 8

What kind of bone is in the epiphysis?

Answer 8

spongy bone

Question 9

Connective tissue that lines the internal cavities of a bone

Answer 9

Endosteum

Question 10

Within the diapysis

Answer 10

Medullary Cavity

Question 11

connective tissue surrounding the exposed outside of bone

Answer 11

Periostium

Question 12

Covers the end of the epiphysis

Answer 12

Articular Cartilage

Question 13

Bone matrix consists of:

Answer 13

• non-cellular substance
• 25% fibrous protein
• 25% water
• 50% crystallized mineral salt

Question 14

bone cells that build bone tissue

Answer 14

osteoblasts

Question 15

bone cells that break down bone tissue

Answer 15

osteoclasts

Question 16

mature bone cells

Answer 16

osteocytes

Question 17

Characteristics of compact bone:

Answer 17

• Few spaces between hard components
• Makes the external layer of all bones
• Provides:
  a) structure
  b) site of attachments for tendons and ligaments

Question 18

Characteristic of spongy bone

Answer 18

• does not contain true osteon
• made up of lamellae that are arranged in a lattice of thin columns of bone
• trabeculae are filled with red bone marrow

Question 19

Compact bone is arranged in _____

Answer 19

Haversian systems (osteon)

Question 20

Why are trabeculae arranged the way they are?

Answer 20

to resist stress from many directions and angles

Question 21

Axial Skeleton consists of:

Answer 21

• Head
• Neck
• Trunk

Question 22

Appendicular Skeleton consists of:

Answer 22

• upper limbs
• lower limbs
• pectoral girdle
• pelvic girdle