Skeletal System Bioscience Part 2

Question 1

Joints or Articulations are a point of contact between:

Answer 1

• 2 or more bones
• bones & cartilage
• bones & teeth

Question 2

List the three different types of joints:

Answer 2

• fibrous joints
• cartilaginous joints
• synovial joints

Question 3

State the different functions of joints

Answer 3

• Synarthrodial (immoveable)
• Amphiarthrodial (slightly moveable)
• Diarthrodial (freely moveable)

Question 4

Describe the structure of synovial joints

Answer 4

• surrounded by an articular or joint capsule
• capsule is lined with synovial fluid
• synovial fluid fills the synovial cavity
• synovial fluid reduces friction

Question 5

Describe structures involved in stabilising a joint

Answer 5

• ligament joins bone to bone and stabilises joint

- tendons attach muscle to bone

Question 6

Discuss the difference between the male and female pelvis

Answer 6

Female
- wide and shallow
- adapted for child bearing, more moveable, projects inferiorly
Male
- narrow and deep
- adapted for support of a heavier build & stronger muscles.
- less moveable, projects anteriorly

Question 7

Why is the metal head not fully developed when ready for birth?

Answer 7

To allow for slight compression during birth

Question 8

Describe age related changes in bones and joints

Answer 8

In children and adolescents: Formation exceeds reabsorption

In young adults: Both are balanced

In adults: reabsorption exceeds formation

Question 9

List the different type of synovial joints

Answer 9

• A ball in socket joint
• Hinge joint
• pivot joint
• saddle joint

Question 10

Explain what a cartilaginous joint is

Answer 10

Cartilaginous joints allow more movement between bones than a fibrous joint but less than the highly mobile synovial joint.

Question 11

Explain what a fibrous joint is

Answer 11

These joints have no joint cavity and are connected via fibrous connective tissue.
e.g.: sutures between skull bone