Skeletal System Notes

Question 1

Provides support for muscles, fat, and skin

Answer 1

Framework

Question 2

Surrounds vital organs

Answer 2

Protection

Question 3

Attaches to muscles to provide movement

Answer 3

Act as levers

Question 4

Produces red and white blood cells and platelets (hematopoiesis)

Answer 4

Produces blood cells

Question 5

Stores the body’s calcium supply

Answer 5

Storage

Question 6

Skeleton: forms the main trunk of the body

Answer 6

Axial skeleton

Question 7

Skeleton: forms the extremities (arms and legs)

Answer 7

Appendicular skeleton

Question 8

How many cranial and facial bones does the skull have?

Answer 8

8 cranial bones and 14 facial bones

Question 9

Areas where cranial bones join (immovable joints)

Answer 9

Sutures

Question 10

Air spaces within the bone

Answer 10

Sinuses

Question 11

Openings in bones for nerves and blood vessels

Answer 11

Foramen

Question 12

“Soft spots” that allow skull enlargement as the brain grows

Answer 12

Fontanels

Question 13

How many bones is the spinal column made of?

Answer 13

26 bones

Question 14

How many cervical, thoracic, and lumbar bones make up the spinal column?

Answer 14

7 cervical neck vertebrae, 12 thoracic vertebrae, and 5 lumbar vertebrae

Question 15

What is the sacrum?

Answer 15

1 large vertebrae made of 5 fused bones

Question 16

What is the coccyx?

Answer 16

1 fused vertebra made of 3-5 bones (tailbone)

Question 17

What are ribs?

Answer 17

12 pairs of long, slender bones. 7 true, 3 false, and 2 floating.

Question 18

What are the main parts of the sternum (breastbone)?

Answer 18

Manubrium, body, and xiphoid process.

Question 19

How many wrist bones are there in the arm?

Answer 19

8 carpal wrist bones

Question 20

How many metacarpals are there in the arm?

Answer 20

5 metacarpal bones forming the palm

Question 21

How many phalanges are there in the arm?

Answer 21

14 phalanges forming the thumb and fingers

Question 22

How many bones make up the pelvic girdle?

Answer 22

2 os coxae

Question 23

What are the components of os coxae in the pelvic girdle?

Answer 23

Ilium, ischium, and pubis

Question 24

How many tarsals are there in the leg?

Answer 24

7 tarsal bones of the ankle

Question 25

How many metatarsals are there in the leg?

Answer 25

5 metatarsals of the instep

Question 26

How many phalanges are there in the leg?

Answer 26

14 phalanges forming the toes.

Question 27

Inflammation of the joints

Answer 27

Arthritis

Question 28

Inflammation of the bursa (fluid-filled sac) around joints

Answer 28

Bursitis

Question 29

Disease where bone density and quality are reduced, increasing fracture risk

Answer 29

Osteoporosis

Question 30

Sideways curvature of the spine

Answer 30

Scoliosis

Question 31

Rounding of the spine in the upper back

Answer 31

Kyphosis

Question 32

Increased curve in the lower back

Answer 32

Lordosis

Question 33

Bone inflammation usually caused by infection

Answer 33

Osteomyelitis

Question 34

Incomplete fracture common in children

Answer 34

Greenstick

Question 35

Fracture with clean break and no damage to the skin

Answer 35

Simple or closed fracture

Question 36

Fracture with break that ruptures through the skin

Answer 36

Compound or open fracture

Question 37

Fracture when broken ends jam into each other

Answer 37

Impacted

Question 38

Fracture when bone splinters into pieces

Answer 38

Comminuted

Question 39

Fracture caused by twisting motion

Answer 39

Spiral

Question 40

Fracture where bone is pressed inward, often seen in skull fractures

Answer 40

Depressed

Question 41

Fracture: fx and dislocation of the distal radius

Answer 41

Colles

Question 42

Fracture: hairline fracture from repeated stress

Answer 42

Stress

Question 43

Bone forcibly displaced from a joint

Answer 43

Dislocation

Question 44

Stretching or tearing of ligaments at a joint

Answer 44

Sprain

Question 45

Stretching or tearing of a tendon or muscle

Answer 45

Strain