What is Descartes’
Dream Argument?
- If it is possible that I am dreaming right now, then I have reason to doubt whether my current perceptual beliefs are true.
- It is possible that I am dreaming right now.
Therefore: I have reason to doubt
whether my current perceptual beliefs are true.
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What is Descartes’
Malicious God Argument?
What is the Brain
in a Vat Argument?
What does Descartes
conclude we can
know with certainty?
Reasoning?
As long as he is thinking,
then he exists.
“I think, therefore I am”
“Cogito, ergo sum”
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What is the
thesis of Skepticism?
There is no such thing
as genuine knowledge.
What do philosophers
mean by the
“external world.”
Assuming: The Dream Argument,
The Malicious God Argument, or The Brain in a Vat Argument:
- In order to know that I’m awake and not dreaming, I must have evidence that I’m not dreaming.
- I do not have evidence that guarantees I’m not dreaming.
- I do not know that I’m awake and not dreaming.
- If I do not know that I’m awake and not dreaming, then I do not know what’s going on in the external world.
- I do not know what’s going on in the external world.
What is the Fallibilist understanding of Justification required for Knowledge?
I know this,
even though I could be wrong
because I have very good evidence
to support my belief.
What is the Infallibilist Justification required for Knowledge?
I know something,
and I cannot be wrong
because I have
guarenteed proof.
